arnold

arnold — noun

1. a person who betrays their country or group, named after Benedict Arnold (1741–1

1.名詞B2
釋義

a person who betrays their country or group, named after Benedict Arnold (1741–1801), an American general who fought for independence but later secretly helped the British army during the American Revolution.

例句

Ms. Chen explained how Arnold's 1780 plot to surrender West Point made his name a lasting symbol of betrayal.

proper noun as cultural symbol of betrayal

When the journalist leaked secret documents to a foreign government, critics called him a modern-day Benedict Arnold.

used as common noun: 'a Benedict Arnold'

同義詞
  • traitor

    direct synonym; 'traitor' is the general term, while 'Benedict Arnold' is a specific cultural reference

  • turncoat

    informal term for someone who switches sides, less specific than 'Benedict Arnold'

反義詞
  • patriot

    a person who supports their country, opposite of a traitor

文法句型

proper noun used as a common noun for 'traitor'

用法筆記

In everyday American English, 'Benedict Arnold' is sometimes used as a common noun meaning 'a person who betrays a trust or a group.' The first name 'Benedict' is often included even when referring to another traitor.

常見錯誤

Arnold was a spy for the British.
Benedict Arnold was a spy for the British.
💡In formal historical references, the full name is preferred.

2. Henry Harley 'Hap' Arnold (1886–1950), the only United States military officer e

2.名詞C1
釋義

Henry Harley 'Hap' Arnold (1886–1950), the only United States military officer ever to hold the rank of General of the Air Force, who commanded the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II and helped create the independent U.S. Air Force after the war.

例句

Hap Arnold oversaw the U.S. Army Air Forces' expansion from 20,000 men in 1939 to two million by 1945.

collocation: oversaw the growth of

In 1948, the base in Tennessee was renamed Arnold Air Force Base in honor of General Hap Arnold.

文法句型

proper noun referring to a historical military figure

用法筆記

Commonly referred to as 'Hap Arnold' or 'General Arnold.' His official rank 'General of the Air Force' is equivalent to a five-star general and has only been held by one person.

3. Matthew Arnold (1822–1888), an English poet and cultural critic of the Victorian

3.名詞C1
釋義

Matthew Arnold (1822–1888), an English poet and cultural critic of the Victorian period, best remembered for poems such as 'Dover Beach' and for his influential essays on literature, education, and society.

例句

Hari chose Matthew Arnold's poem 'Dover Beach' for his literature presentation because of its powerful sea imagery.

In his 1869 book 'Culture and Anarchy,' Matthew Arnold argued that poetry should offer comfort in an age of religious doubt.

grammar: argued that + should

文法句型

proper noun referring to a literary figure

用法筆記

Matthew Arnold is also known for his role as an education inspector and his critical work 'Culture and Anarchy.' In literary contexts, 'Arnold' almost always refers to Matthew Arnold, not Thomas or Benedict.

常見錯誤

Matthew Arnold was a poet during the Renaissance.
Matthew Arnold was a poet during the Victorian period.
💡His active years were in the mid-to-late 1800s.

4. Thomas Arnold (1795–1842), an English historian and headmaster of Rugby School w

4.名詞C1
釋義

Thomas Arnold (1795–1842), an English historian and headmaster of Rugby School who introduced wide-ranging reforms to the British public school system, emphasizing moral development, sports, and academic discipline.

例句

As headmaster of Rugby School from 1828, Thomas Arnold believed developing a student's character was a school's highest goal.

grammar: believe that + should + verb

The reforms introduced by Dr. Arnold at Rugby School influenced education across England for generations.

文法句型

proper noun referring to a historical educator

用法筆記

Best known as the headmaster of Rugby School and the father of poet Matthew Arnold. Not to be confused with his son, who is better known in literary circles.