artificially
artificially — adverb
1. by adding a chemical, factory-made ingredient, or industrial step instead of rel
by adding a chemical, factory-made ingredient, or industrial step instead of relying on natural materials.
These cherry sweets are artificially flavoured with a syrup made in a lab.
artificially flavoured + collocation with food product
Mrs. Lin avoids drinks that are artificially sweetened because of her diabetes.
artificially sweetened (food/drink collocation)
The bright pink yogurt was artificially coloured to attract young children.
Many cheap apple juices are artificially flavoured rather than pressed from real fruit.
The stadium grass is artificially produced from plastic fibres for year-round play.
- synthetically
more technical; common with chemicals and materials
- chemically
stresses the chemical process used
- naturally
made or grown without industrial steps
文法句型
artificially + past participle (flavoured, sweetened, coloured)
用法筆記
Most often used in the passive with food, drink, and material vocabulary: 'artificially flavoured/sweetened/coloured/produced'. Distinguish from sense 2: this sense focuses on a man-made substance replacing a natural one, while sense 2 focuses on a process or condition deliberately created by people.
常見錯誤
2. as the result of a deliberate human plan or action, rather than because somethin
as the result of a deliberate human plan or action, rather than because something happened on its own.
The lake was artificially created by the government to supply water to nearby farms.
artificially created (typical pattern for engineered systems)
Bread prices have been kept artificially low through state subsidies for decades.
kept artificially + adjective (prices, rates)
Some breeders artificially raise the body temperature of eggs to control hatching dates.
The company artificially boosted sales figures before the audit by shipping unsold goods to warehouses.
After the storm, engineers artificially redirected the river around the damaged bridge.
- deliberately
stresses intent without the 'unnatural' nuance
- manually
by hand or human control rather than automatically
- naturally
without any human plan or interference
- spontaneously
happening on its own
文法句型
artificially + past participle (created, raised, lowered, maintained)
用法筆記
Frequently collocates with economic and statistical objects ('artificially low/high prices, rates, figures') and with engineered or biological processes ('artificially created/raised/maintained'). Often carries a hint that the natural state was changed for someone's benefit.
常見錯誤
3. with a forced or pretended manner, so the feeling shown is not what the person r
with a forced or pretended manner, so the feeling shown is not what the person really feels inside.
The host laughed artificially at every joke the guest told on stage.
artificially + verb of expression (laugh, smile)
Sofia greeted her ex-boyfriend artificially, with a tight smile and a stiff hug.
The news anchor sounded artificially cheerful while reporting the gloomy results.
Hana spoke artificially slowly, as if the children could not understand normal speech.
- insincerely
stresses the lack of true feeling
- falsely
stresses that the appearance is a lie
文法句型
artificially + adjective/participle describing manner (cheerful, polite, smile)
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 2: here the lack of naturalness is in a person's manner or feelings, not in a process or substance. Often modifies adjectives of mood (cheerful, polite, calm) or verbs of expression (laugh, smile, speak).