authorization
authorization — noun
- authorizationsingular
- authorizationsplural
1. formal approval given by an authority that makes it possible for someone to do s
formal approval given by an authority that makes it possible for someone to do something — for example, a government agency allowing construction to begin on a building, or a manager agreeing that a payment can be made.
The city council gave authorization for the new hospital to be built on Maple Street.
give authorization for — verb + noun + preposition pattern
Fatima needed written authorization from the hospital board to start her research project.
need + written authorization — common collocation
Without authorization from the building owner, the construction crew could not begin work.
The bank requires your signature as authorization before it can release the funds.
Mei-Lin obtained special authorization to bring her service dog into the office building.
- permission
the broadest, everyday term; 'authorization' is more formal and suggests an institutional source
- approval
focuses on the act of agreeing rather than the formal permission itself
- clearance
emphasises that a person or thing has passed a security or safety check
- consent
suggests voluntary agreement rather than institutional permission
- prohibition
a formal rule or order that forbids something
- refusal
the act of saying no to a request for permission
用法筆記
Frequently found in business, legal, and administrative contexts. The most common verb partners are give, grant, obtain, receive, need, and require.
常見錯誤
2. a physical or electronic document that serves as proof that official permission
a physical or electronic document that serves as proof that official permission has been given for someone to do something.
The security guard asked to see my written authorization before letting me into the building.
ask to see + authorization — possessive + noun pattern showing document sense
Kwame received an official authorization from the immigration office allowing him to work in the country.
The contractor produced the signed authorization and handed it to the site manager.
Aisha keeps a copy of the authorization in her bag in case an inspector asks for it.
The courier could not pick up the package without a printed authorization from the sender.