corpus

corpus — noun

1. An organised electronic collection of authentic texts or speech recordings, used

1.名詞C1
釋義

An organised electronic collection of authentic texts or speech recordings, used by language researchers to analyse word patterns and sentence structures.

例句

The linguist used a million-word corpus of daily conversations to study how teenagers use slang.

corpus of + [type of text/speech] as a research tool

Imani built her own corpus from Taiwanese news articles to compare formal and informal vocabulary.

同義詞
  • database

    more general term for any organised data store; 'corpus' implies language data specifically

  • text collection

    explicitly describes written materials; less precise than 'corpus'

  • archive

    stresses historical preservation rather than analytical use

文法句型

a corpus of + [text type]

用法筆記

The plural form is corpora (the standard academic plural) or sometimes corpuses. Frequently appears in the compound noun 'corpus linguistics' to name the field of study.

常見錯誤

The police found a corpus of evidence at the crime scene.
The police found a body of evidence at the crime scene.
💡'corpus' in this linguistic sense is not used for physical evidence; use 'body of evidence' instead.

2. The complete writings of one author, or all the works on a single topic brought

2.名詞B2
釋義

The complete writings of one author, or all the works on a single topic brought together as a set.

例句

Shirin is writing her thesis on the complete corpus of 20th-century Irish poetry.

corpus of + [topic/genre] for collected writings on a subject

The museum published a corpus of ancient Egyptian love songs found on papyrus fragments.

同義詞
  • oeuvre

    French loanword used only for one creator's entire output; more specific than 'corpus'

  • body of work

    more conversational equivalent; less formal than 'corpus'

  • collected works

    the most transparent synonym; often used in book titles

文法句型

a corpus of + [author/genre]

用法筆記

Often used in academic literary criticism. The word 'oeuvre' is a near-synonym but is used only for a single artist's complete body of work, not for a subject-based collection.

常見錯誤

I borrowed a corpus of poems from the library.
I borrowed a collection of poems from the library.
💡'corpus' implies a complete or near-complete set of works, not an ordinary anthology.

3. The central or main mass of a body organ, as opposed to its outer covering, neck

3.名詞C1
釋義

The central or main mass of a body organ, as opposed to its outer covering, neck, or other specialised regions.

例句

In anatomy class, students learn that the corpus of the stomach produces digestive acid.

the corpus of + [organ] — the main functional region

The MRI scan showed a small cyst in the corpus of Kenji's pancreas.

同義詞
  • body

    the everyday English term; 'corpus' is the formal Latin-derived alternative

  • main body

    more descriptive, less technical than 'corpus'

  • trunk

    used for some organs (e.g. trunk of the pancreas); less common overall

文法句型

the corpus of + [organ]

corpus + [Latin anatomical term]

用法筆記

This sense appears most often in fixed anatomical compounds such as corpus callosum (the band connecting brain hemispheres), corpus luteum (a temporary gland in the ovary), and corpus cavernosum (spongy tissue in the penis). In general medical writing, the phrase 'body of the [organ]' is more common than 'corpus'.

常見錯誤

He broke the corpus of his arm.
He broke the shaft of his arm (bone).
💡'corpus' in anatomy refers to the main part of soft organs, not bones or limbs.