don

IPA/dɒn/
KK[dˈɑn]IPA/dɑːn/

don — noun

  • donsingular
  • donsplural

1. a senior teacher within a university, used mainly about the older British instit

1.名詞C1
釋義

a senior teacher within a university, used mainly about the older British institutions such as Oxford and Cambridge

例句

Farid became a don at Cambridge after twenty years of research in biochemistry.

The college don invited her students to tea in her book-lined study.

同義詞
  • professor

    the most senior academic title, used worldwide; a don may or may not hold a professorship

  • lecturer

    a more junior university teacher who gives formal lectures rather than providing personal tuition

  • tutor

    teaches small groups or individual students; at Oxford and Cambridge, many dons also act as tutors

  • fellow

    in the Oxford and Cambridge system, a member of a college's governing body who often teaches as well

用法筆記

Mainly used in British English, especially for the collegiate system at Oxford and Cambridge. At other British universities, 'lecturer' or 'professor' is more common.

2. a man of high social rank in Spain, especially a member of the nobility

2.名詞C2
釋義

a man of high social rank in Spain, especially a member of the nobility

例句

The Spanish don owned a vast estate with vineyards stretching towards the hills.

Esteban dressed like a don in a dark velvet jacket and polished leather boots.

同義詞
  • nobleman

    a broader term for any man of noble birth, not tied to Spain

  • grandee

    specifically a high-ranking Spanish or Portuguese nobleman; more formal than 'don'

  • gentleman

    a much wider term for a well-mannered man; does not imply Spanish origin or nobility

反義詞
  • peasant

    a poor farmer of low social status, the opposite end of the social scale

  • commoner

    any person not of noble birth

用法筆記

Often used as a title of respect before a first name in Spanish culture, e.g., Don Quixote, Don Juan. The feminine equivalent is Doña.

3. the person who runs a Mafia family or similar organised crime network

3.名詞C1
釋義

the person who runs a Mafia family or similar organised crime network

例句

The don summoned his most trusted men to a meeting in the back room.

Hamza watched a film about a feared don who controlled the city's docks.

同義詞
  • godfather

    more informal and specifically associated with the Mafia through the film The Godfather

  • boss

    a general term for a leader; does not carry the Mafia association on its own

  • capo

    a lower-ranking leader within a Mafia family; a don outranks a capo

用法筆記

Popularised by films and novels about the Italian-American Mafia, especially The Godfather. In this sense, the word carries the idea of absolute authority within a criminal organisation.

常見錯誤

The police arrested the don of the street gang.
The police arrested the leader of the street gang.
💡'don' is used specifically for Mafia or organised-crime families, not for ordinary street gangs.

don — verb