exclusion

exclusion — noun

1. the act or situation of keeping a person or thing out of a location, activity, o

1.名詞B2
釋義

the act or situation of keeping a person or thing out of a location, activity, or group.

例句

The school board reviewed its policy on the exclusion of students for uniform violations.

exclusion of + noun phrase for specifying who is kept out

Saira complained to the teacher about her exclusion from the group science project.

同義詞
  • ban

    stronger and more official than exclusion; implies a formal prohibition

  • barring

    similar to exclusion but more informal and often physical

  • omission

    focuses on leaving out rather than actively keeping out; less forceful

反義詞
  • inclusion

    the act of allowing someone to take part or be part of a group

文法句型

exclusion of + noun phrase

exclusion from + noun phrase

用法筆記

Often followed by 'from' or 'of' to specify who or what is kept out. The 'of' form names the person or thing being excluded (e.g., 'exclusion of certain groups'), while 'from' names the activity or place (e.g., 'exclusion from the event').

常見錯誤

❌The exclusion of him was unfair.
✅His exclusion was unfair.
💡Use the possessive form when referring to a person's exclusion rather than 'exclusion of + pronoun'.
❌The exclusion of smoking in restaurants.
✅The banning of smoking in restaurants.
💡'Exclusion' implies keeping people or living things out, not prohibiting an activity.

2. the unpleasant experience or condition of not being accepted or allowed to take

2.名詞B2
釋義

the unpleasant experience or condition of not being accepted or allowed to take part in something, often resulting in loneliness or unhappiness.

例句

Amani described the pain of exclusion she felt when classmates ignored her at lunch.

pain/sense of exclusion — emotional state

The long-term exclusion from social groups can seriously harm a child's confidence.

同義詞
  • isolation

    stronger — implies being physically or socially cut off from others entirely

  • ostracism

    more formal and deliberate; implies the group actively rejects the person

  • marginalization

    being pushed to the edge of a group rather than fully excluded

反義詞
  • acceptance

    the experience of being welcomed and included

  • belonging

    a feeling of being part of a group

文法句型

feeling/sense of exclusion

experience of exclusion

用法筆記

Focuses on the subjective emotional experience of being left out, unlike sense 1 (KEEPING OUT), which describes the act or policy itself. Common in discussions of psychology, education, and social relationships.

常見錯誤

❌His exclusion from the team made the coach happy.
✅His exclusion from the team made him feel hurt and alone.
💡This sense is about the excluded person's experience, not the perspective of those doing the excluding.

3. a person, item, or case that is deliberately left out of a group, list, contract

3.名詞B2
釋義

a person, item, or case that is deliberately left out of a group, list, contract, or arrangement.

例句

The insurance policy lists several exclusions, including damage from floods and earthquakes.

insurance/documents context — countable exclusions

Elena checked the rental agreement for any exclusions before she signed it.

同義詞
  • exception

    the closest synonym; 'exception' is more general, while 'exclusion' implies a deliberate decision to leave something out

  • exemption

    specifically about being freed from a rule or obligation rather than being left out of a group

反義詞
  • inclusion

    an item that is included in a list or arrangement

文法句型

exclusion + to + noun phrase

exclusion from + noun phrase

用法筆記

This is the only sense that is regularly countable — you can have 'several exclusions' or 'an exclusion'. Common in legal, financial, and administrative contexts such as insurance, tax forms, and contracts.

常見錯誤

❌The policy has many exclusion.
✅The policy has many exclusions.
💡Use the plural form when referring to multiple items or cases that are excluded.