fable

fable — noun

1. A brief story, often with animals or objects that talk and act like humans, writ

1.名詞B1
釋義

A brief story, often with animals or objects that talk and act like humans, written to teach a lesson about right and wrong behaviour.

例句

Sayaka's mother told her a fable about a clever fox who tricked a boastful wolf into falling down a well.

told + fable about [animal]

The old man's favourite fable teaches that slow and steady wins every race.

fable teaches that [moral]

同義詞
  • parable

    uses human characters in everyday settings to teach a religious or moral lesson

  • folk tale

    traditional story passed down orally, not necessarily with an explicit moral

  • moral tale

    broader term; any story designed to teach right from wrong, not limited to animal characters

用法筆記

Frequently ends with a stated moral. The best-known collection is Aesop's Fables, traditionally attributed to a storyteller from ancient Greece.

常見錯誤

The teacher told a fable about geometry.
The teacher told a fable about kindness.
💡fables teach moral lessons, not factual information.

2. A story from ancient times involving gods, heroes, or magical events, not intend

2.名詞B2
釋義

A story from ancient times involving gods, heroes, or magical events, not intended to be historically accurate.

例句

The ancient Greek fable tells of a river god who fell in love with a mortal woman.

fable + about [mythological being]

Historians still debate whether the fable about the golden city was based on a real location.

同義詞
  • myth

    more common term; often explains natural phenomena or cultural origins

  • legend

    may have a historical kernel; less likely to involve gods and magic

  • folklore

    uncountable; the body of traditional stories of a culture

用法筆記

Distinguish from sense 1: this sense emphasises mythical, supernatural content rather than a moral lesson. The word 'myth' is more common for this meaning in modern English.

3. A statement or account that is deliberately invented and presented as true, inte

3.名詞B2
釋義

A statement or account that is deliberately invented and presented as true, intended to deceive others.

例句

The politician's version of the event was later exposed as a complete fable.

exposed as a fable

Adina knew the rumour was a fable spread to damage her reputation at work.

同義詞
  • lie

    blunter and more common; any intentionally false statement, not necessarily elaborated

  • fabrication

    formal synonym that emphasises the act of inventing; interchangeable in most contexts

  • tall tale

    informal; an exaggerated story told for entertainment rather than serious deception

反義詞
  • fact

    piece of information that can be verified as true

  • truth

    uncountable; the quality of being in accordance with reality

用法筆記

Stronger than 'lie' — implies a detailed, elaborated invention rather than a simple falsehood. Common in formal or literary criticism of someone's story.

常見錯誤

He told a fable about being late for the bus.
He invented an elaborate fable about his career.
💡'fable' in this sense suggests an elaborate invention, not a minor daily excuse.

fable — verb