fragile

fragile — adjective

1. describes objects made of glass, ceramic, or similar materials that crack, snap,

1.形容詞B1
釋義

describes objects made of glass, ceramic, or similar materials that crack, snap, or shatter when hit, dropped, or handled roughly

例句

The delivery box was marked '[[Fragile]] — Handle with Care' in bright red letters.

used on packaging and shipping labels

Adina carefully wrapped each [[fragile]] wine glass in several layers of newspaper before packing it.

common objects: glass, dishes, electronics

同義詞
  • breakable

    more general; anything that can break, not necessarily from light impact

  • brittle

    describes hard materials that crack or snap rather than bend; narrower than fragile

  • delicate

    emphasises fineness or refinement rather than the danger of breaking

反義詞
  • sturdy

    built strongly and unlikely to break

  • durable

    able to last a long time without breaking

用法筆記

Often seen on shipping labels and packaging instructions. This sense is typically used with objects made of glass, ceramic, porcelain, thin plastic, or electronic components.

常見錯誤

This vase is very delicate so place it somewhere safe.
This vase is very fragile
💡place it somewhere safe.' — 'Delicate' can suggest refined craftsmanship, while 'fragile' more directly warns that the item breaks easily.

2. used to describe a situation, system, or relationship that lacks stability and c

2.形容詞B2
釋義

used to describe a situation, system, or relationship that lacks stability and could be damaged, destroyed, or ended by a minor change or problem

例句

The ceasefire between the two armies remained [[fragile]], with both sides accusing each other of small violations.

collocation: fragile ceasefire / fragile peace

Minh warned investors that the country's economic recovery was still [[fragile]] and could be reversed by rising oil prices.

collocation: fragile economy / fragile recovery

同義詞
  • vulnerable

    open to attack or harm; broader in scope and often implies a target rather than instability

  • tenuous

    so weak that it may disappear; more formal and less common than fragile

  • unstable

    likely to change or collapse suddenly; focuses on lack of balance rather than external threat

反義詞
  • stable

    not easily changed or damaged

  • robust

    strong and able to handle problems

用法筆記

Subject is usually an abstract noun such as peace, economy, ceasefire, relationship, democracy, or alliance. Frequently used in news reports and political analysis.

常見錯誤

The peace was fragile, but I didn't know why it would be destroyed.
The peace was fragile: a single attack could restart the war.
💡When describing something as fragile, you should explain what specific force could break it; otherwise the claim sounds vague.

3. in a state of poor physical or emotional health, so that even minor stress, illn

3.形容詞B1
釋義

in a state of poor physical or emotional health, so that even minor stress, illness, or effort can cause harm or exhaustion

例句

After three weeks in hospital, Felix's grandfather looked thin and [[fragile]], though his spirit remained strong.

collocation: thin and fragile

The doctor said Roya's [[fragile]] immune system meant she had to avoid crowded places during flu season.

collocation: fragile immune system / fragile health

同義詞
  • frail

    physically weak, especially due to age or illness; slightly more narrow than fragile

  • delicate

    easily affected by outside conditions; more about sensitivity than weakness

  • vulnerable

    open to being hurt physically or emotionally; broader and less tied to health status

反義詞
  • strong

    physically or emotionally robust

  • healthy

    in good physical and mental condition

用法筆記

Commonly collocates with health-related nouns — health, bones, immune system, mental state, emotional condition. Can describe both temporary illness and long-term vulnerability. Often implies the person needs special care or protection.

常見錯誤

After the marathon she was fragile.
After the marathon she was exhausted.
💡Use 'fragile' for ongoing weakness or vulnerability, not for temporary tiredness after a single strenuous activity (see sense 4 for feeling unwell after a specific event).

4. feeling sick, weak, or exhausted the morning after consuming a lot of alcohol

4.形容詞B2
釋義

feeling sick, weak, or exhausted the morning after consuming a lot of alcohol

例句

After the New Year's party, Christopher woke up feeling rather [[fragile]] and could not face breakfast.

informal: feel fragile = hungover / unwell

Mauricio told his flatmate he was feeling a bit [[fragile]] and asked her to keep the noise down.

pattern: a bit fragile / rather fragile

同義詞
  • hung over

    the standard American English term; more specific to alcohol

  • rough

    informal and broader; can describe any kind of bad physical state, not just hangovers

用法筆記

Informal register, most common in British English. Almost always follows the verbs feel, look, or seem. The cause (alcohol or lack of sleep) is usually clear from context. Less common in American English, where hung over is more typical.

5. made of very light, thin material and often beautiful, but easily harmed or spoi

5.形容詞B2
釋義

made of very light, thin material and often beautiful, but easily harmed or spoiled; also used of natural environments that are sensitive to change

例句

Élise wore a necklace of [[fragile]] silver threads that shimmered like spiderwebs in the sunlight.

collocation: fragile threads / fragile silver

The mountain wildflowers had [[fragile]] white petals that fell apart at the slightest touch.

collocation: fragile petals

同義詞
  • delicate

    very close in meaning; delicate focuses more on fineness of construction, fragile on the risk of breaking

  • dainty

    small and pretty in a refined way; less about risk of damage and more about charm

反義詞
  • sturdy

    solidly built

  • coarse

    rough in texture or appearance; the opposite of finely delicate

用法筆記

Often carries a positive or admiring tone when describing crafted objects or natural beauty (fragile lace, fragile butterfly wings) and a protective or warning tone when describing natural environments (fragile ecosystem, fragile coral reef).

常見錯誤

The lace curtains were fragile but ugly.
The lace curtains were fragile but beautiful.
💡When used admiringly, 'fragile' implies delicacy that is also aesthetically pleasing; pairing it with a negative judgement sounds contradictory.