globalisation
globalisation — noun
1. the process by which economies, businesses, and trade become connected across na
the process by which economies, businesses, and trade become connected across national borders, so that goods, services, and capital move more freely between countries
Tomás works for a car company that expanded across three continents because of globalisation.
pattern: because of globalisation
Critics of globalisation argue that it often harms small family-run shops in poorer countries.
common subject: critics of globalisation + argue that-clause
Globalisation helps coffee farmers in Brazil sell their beans to buyers across Europe.
Selim's small factory now competes with large foreign firms because of globalisation.
The globalisation of the textile industry moved much of the production from Europe to Asia.
- internationalisation
focuses on companies operating across borders, without the same implication of world-wide integration
- market integration
more technical and narrower in scope, used mainly in economics
- economic integration
emphasises the merging of separate national economies into larger units
- protectionism
the policy of shielding domestic industries from foreign competition, the opposite of free trade
- isolationism
a political retreat from international engagement and alliances
文法句型
globalisation of + [domain/industry]
the globalisation of [noun phrase]
用法筆記
Globalisation is an uncountable noun and is not used in the plural. The spelling varies by region: globalisation (British English) and globalization (American English) refer to the same concept. This sense typically appears with of to specify the domain, e.g. the globalisation of manufacturing / finance / supply chains.
常見錯誤
2. a process in which cultural products, lifestyles, and social values around the w
a process in which cultural products, lifestyles, and social values around the world become increasingly alike, often because of international media, travel, and the spread of multinational brands
Jisoo noticed globalisation when she saw the same fashion shops in Seoul and Paris.
collocation: noticed globalisation
Some communities fear that globalisation is slowly replacing their traditional festivals with commercial events.
subject: communities + verb pattern: fear that + clause
Because of globalisation, teens in Tokyo and Buenos Aires enjoy the same films and music.
Renata enjoys watching TV shows from many different countries, a clear benefit of globalisation.
Some towns in Japan have opened local museums to protect their traditions from globalisation.
- cultural homogenisation
more negative in tone, implying loss of diversity
- Americanisation
narrower and more specific — refers specifically to the spread of US culture
- cultural integration
more neutral, can imply a two-way exchange rather than one-sided influence
- cultural preservation
the effort to protect and maintain local traditions and languages
- localisation
adapting products and services to fit a particular local market or culture
文法句型
globalisation of + [cultural domain]
effects / impact of globalisation
用法筆記
This sense differs from sense 1 (WORLD TRADE) by focusing on social and cultural change rather than on economic activity. The two senses often overlap in real-world discussion; a sentence about fast-food chains spreading worldwide can belong to either sense depending on whether the emphasis is on commerce or on cultural habits.