globalization
globalization — noun
1. the process by which businesses and industries expand their operations across na
the process by which businesses and industries expand their operations across national borders, making it easier for goods, services, capital, and workers to move between countries
Globalization has allowed companies like Eshe's textile firm to source materials from three continents.
followed by present perfect: globalization + has allowed [sb] to [v]
The rise of globalization in the 1990s transformed supply chains across Southeast Asia.
collocation: rise of globalization
Critics argue that globalization mostly benefits large corporations rather than local workers.
Piotr studied how globalization changed farming practices in his home region of Silesia.
Many economists believe globalization has lifted millions of people out of poverty in developing countries.
- economic integration
more specific — refers to the merging of separate economies into larger trading blocs; a narrower term than globalization
- internationalization
broader — can describe any cross-border activity, not limited to economics
- market liberalization
different focus — specifically means removing government restrictions on trade, which is one driver of globalization
- protectionism
the policy of shielding domestic industries from foreign competition through tariffs and quotas
- deglobalization
the opposite trend, where countries reduce their economic interdependence
- isolationism
a broader political stance of avoiding international alliances and trade
文法句型
globalization + of + [region/industry]
[adjective] + globalization
globalization + verb (as subject)
用法筆記
Typically uncountable; often modified by adjectives such as 'economic', 'corporate', or 'neoliberal'. Frequently appears in policy debates about international trade agreements, offshoring, and the power of multinational corporations.
常見錯誤
2. the trend toward societies around the world sharing similar products, entertainm
the trend toward societies around the world sharing similar products, entertainment, habits, and values, as ideas, brands, and media cross borders more freely
Cultural globalization means teenagers in Taipei and São Paulo often wear similar fashion brands.
collocation: cultural globalization
The globalization of fast food has introduced American-style restaurants to cities everywhere.
collocation: globalization of [product/industry]
Heloísa worries that globalization is making local traditions and languages disappear.
Globalization means people across the world watch the same films and celebrate the same holidays.
Some communities resist globalization by promoting locally made goods and traditional crafts.
- cultural homogenization
similar but more negative — emphasizes the loss of unique local cultures
- cultural convergence
more neutral — describes cultures developing shared features without implying loss
- westernization
narrower — specifically refers to the spread of Western cultural values and products, not a multi-directional exchange
- cultural divergence
the process by which cultures become more distinct and different from one another
- localization
the adaptation of products and practices to fit local cultural contexts rather than a global standard
文法句型
[adjective] + globalization
globalization + of + [domain/sector]
globalization + verb (as subject)
用法筆記
Can carry a neutral or negative tone depending on the speaker's view of cultural change. Distinguished from 'westernization' — globalization implies a two-way or multi-directional flow of influence, whereas westernization suggests a one-directional spread from Western cultures. Often appears in discussions of media, food, fashion, and language change.