immunisation

immunisation — noun

1. a medical procedure that protects a person or an animal from a particular infect

1.名詞B2
釋義

a medical procedure that protects a person or an animal from a particular infectious disease, usually by putting a vaccine into the body so that it produces antibodies that fight the disease

例句

Before her trip to West Africa, Imani got a yellow fever immunisation at the clinic.

immunisation against [disease]: yellow fever immunisation

The school nurse checked each child's immunisation record before the start of term.

collocation: immunisation record

同義詞
  • vaccination

    more specific — refers to receiving a vaccine, whereas immunisation also covers the body's immune response

  • inoculation

    more formal or technical; often used historically for the smallpox vaccine

文法句型

immunisation against [disease]

immunisation programme / campaign / schedule

用法筆記

In British English this word is spelled with an 's' (immunisation), while in American English it is spelled with a 'z' (immunization). The verb 'immunise' follows the same pattern. This sense is the primary meaning; for legal or metaphorical protection, the word 'immunity' is more common.

常見錯誤

The doctor gave me an immunisation against flu.
The doctor gave me an immunisation against the flu.
💡Disease names typically require a definite article in this construction.

2. official protection from being affected by a law, a legal duty, or an unwanted s

2.名詞C1
釋義

official protection from being affected by a law, a legal duty, or an unwanted situation, especially in a formal context

例句

The charity claimed immunisation from local business rates because of its non-profit status.

A contract clause granted the builder immunisation against liability for weather-related delays.

formal register: immunisation from / against [obligation]

同義詞
  • immunity

    the standard term for legal or official protection, far more common than 'immunisation' in this sense

  • exemption

    focuses on being free from an obligation rather than from legal liability

文法句型

immunisation from [obligation / liability]

用法筆記

This sense is much rarer than the medical sense. In most legal contexts the word 'immunity' is preferred over 'immunisation'.