individualisation
individualisation — noun
1. The practice of designing or adapting something so that it exactly fits one pers
The practice of designing or adapting something so that it exactly fits one person's needs, preferences, or situation, rather than using a standard version for everyone.
At Charlotte's school, individualisation of homework meant each student got tasks at their level.
individualisation of + noun (homework, learning, care)
Arjun valued the individualisation of his gym training, which focused on his weak points.
Shirin chose a university known for the individualisation of its degree programmes.
Modern health software offers a high degree of individualisation, giving advice based on patient history.
- personalisation
More common in everyday commercial contexts (e.g. personalisation of gifts); individualisation is stronger in professional or institutional settings.
- customisation
Focuses on technical adjustments to a product or service; individualisation has a broader, often human-centered scope.
- tailoring
More concrete and often metaphorical; individualisation is the formal noun for the process.
- standardisation
The opposite process — making everything the same rather than matching individual needs.
用法筆記
Often used in compound noun phrases with 'of' (e.g. individualisation of learning / healthcare / services). Frequently contrasted with standardisation or uniformity.
常見錯誤
2. A system in criminal justice where the sentence, rehabilitation programme, or tr
A system in criminal justice where the sentence, rehabilitation programme, or treatment for an offender is designed based on that person's individual history, personal circumstances, and specific needs, rather than following a fixed penalty rule.
The judge called for individualisation of the sentence, considering the young offender's difficult childhood.
individualisation of the sentence
Henrik, a probation officer, argued individualisation in corrections lowers reoffending rates.
Critics of mandatory sentencing support individualisation as a fairer approach to justice.
The report recommended the individualisation of rehabilitation programmes for each person leaving prison.
- individualised sentencing
A more precise term for the legal sense; individualisation can also cover treatment and rehabilitation, not just the sentence itself.
- tailored corrections
Less common; emphasises the design of rehabilitative programmes.
- mandatory sentencing
The opposite approach, where the law sets a fixed punishment and judges have little or no discretion.
用法筆記
This sense is specific to law, criminology, and corrections. It is almost never used outside these fields. The term contrasts with mandatory or fixed sentencing, where the law prescribes a single penalty regardless of the individual.