jointly

jointly — adverb

1. with each person, group, or organization taking an equal share of responsibility

1.副詞B2
釋義

with each person, group, or organization taking an equal share of responsibility or credit for a combined action, decision, or project

例句

The two companies jointly developed a new electric car engine.

collocation: jointly + developed (R&D contexts)

Saira and her brother jointly own a small café in Bangkok.

同義詞
  • together

    more general; can describe physical closeness or mere accompaniment, not just shared responsibility

  • collectively

    emphasises the group acting as a whole rather than the equal share of each individual; slightly more formal

  • mutually

    focuses on a reciprocal or two-way relationship between the participants, often in agreements or feelings

  • in partnership

    suggests a formal legal or business arrangement rather than an informal shared action

反義詞
  • separately

    each person or group acting on their own rather than together

  • individually

    each person acting alone rather than as part of a combined effort

  • singly

    one at a time, without combining efforts; less common in everyday speech

用法筆記

Often appears before a past participle (jointly owned) or before a past-tense main verb. The subject of the sentence must refer to two or more participants — a singular subject cannot act jointly.

常見錯誤

❌We jointly walked to the station.
✅We walked to the station together.
💡'Jointly' implies shared responsibility or involvement in a task, not mere physical proximity or accompaniment.
❌The student jointly finished the homework.
✅The two students jointly finished the homework.
💡The subject of 'jointly' must be two or more people or groups.