naturalization

IPA/ˌnætʃrəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/
KK[nˈætʃɚələzˈeʃən]IPA/ˌnætʃrələˈzeɪʃn/

naturalization — noun

1. the legal process by which a person born in one country becomes a full citizen o

1.名詞B2
釋義

the legal process by which a person born in one country becomes a full citizen of another country, gaining the same rights and responsibilities as someone born there

例句

Yael began the naturalization process after living in Vancouver for five years with her husband.

naturalization + process: the steps required

The naturalization ceremony at City Hall welcomed sixty new citizens from twenty different countries.

naturalization ceremony: a formal event granting citizenship

同義詞
  • citizenship

    the status itself rather than the process of acquiring it

  • nationalisation

    rarer British variant; more commonly refers to state ownership of industry

反義詞

文法句型

naturalization + of + person

naturalization + as + nationality

用法筆記

In many countries, naturalization requires a minimum period of legal residence, passing a language and civics test, and taking an oath of allegiance at a public ceremony. The noun is uncountable — you say 'apply for naturalization', not 'a naturalization'.

常見錯誤

❌She applied for naturalization and got the naturalization after six months.
✅She applied for naturalization and became a citizen after six months.
💡naturalization refers to the process, not the result document.
❌He had to do a naturalization exam.
✅He had to take a naturalization exam.
💡collocation uses 'take' not 'do' for tests/exams in this context.

2. the process by which a plant or animal species introduced by humans to a new reg

2.名詞C1
釋義

the process by which a plant or animal species introduced by humans to a new region becomes able to grow, reproduce, and maintain itself without further human help

例句

Lavender underwent naturalization on Californian hillsides through seeds carried by wind and birds.

naturalization of [species] in [location]

Amihan noticed that the Japanese cherry trees had achieved full naturalization in the local park over several decades.

achieve full naturalization: become completely self-sustaining

同義詞
  • acclimatization

    narrower — focuses on physiological adjustment to a new climate rather than full reproductive establishment

  • establishment

    broader — can refer to any species becoming settled, with or without human introduction

  • indigenization

    rare term for a species becoming regarded as native over time

反義詞
  • extirpation

    the local extinction of a species from a particular area

  • eradication

    the deliberate removal of a species from a region

文法句型

naturalization + of + species

naturalization + in + location

用法筆記

In ecology, naturalization is distinct from 'invasive' — a naturalized species lives alongside native species without necessarily harming the ecosystem. The term is most commonly used in botany and conservation biology papers.

常見錯誤

❌The naturalization of rabbits in Australia happened by itself.
✅The naturalization of rabbits in Australia began after they were introduced by European settlers.
💡naturalization always starts with human introduction, not spontaneous arrival.
❌Naturalization means a plant becomes invasive.
✅Naturalization means a plant can survive on its own, which is not the same as being invasive.
💡invasive species cause harm; naturalized species may simply coexist.