personalized

personalized — adjective

1. designed or changed to fit one specific person's needs, preferences, or identity

1.形容詞B1
釋義

designed or changed to fit one specific person's needs, preferences, or identity — for example, a keychain with your name on it, a workout plan made just for you, or a service tailored to your lifestyle.

例句

Nila received a personalized notebook with her name printed on the front cover.

attributive: personalized + noun (named item)

Christopher wears personalized running shoes designed for his foot shape.

同義詞
  • customized

    the most general alternative, emphasising adaptation to preferences rather than identity

  • tailored

    suggests careful, precise adjustment, especially for services, advice, or plans

  • bespoke

    British English term for goods made from scratch for one client; carries an upscale connotation

反義詞
  • generic

    not specific to any one person; one-size-fits-all

  • mass-produced

    made in large identical quantities without individual variation

文法句型

personalized + noun

be + personalized

用法筆記

Frequently used attributively before nouns describing products, services, or experiences adapted to one person. The passive construction (This ring is personalized with …) is also common, especially for items that carry names, initials, or dates.

常見錯誤

❌She received a personal keychain from the gift shop.' (when meaning custom-made)
✅She received a personalized keychain with her name on it.
💡'Personal' describes something relating to you privately; 'personalized' means the item was custom-made to show your name or fit your needs.
❌The hotel provides a personal welcome letter for each guest.' (when meaning tailored)
✅The hotel provides a personalized welcome letter for each guest.
💡'Personal welcome letter' could mean from a specific person; 'personalized' clearly means the letter is adapted for that guest.

2. said or written in a way that singles out a specific person, often as a criticis

2.形容詞B2
釋義

said or written in a way that singles out a specific person, often as a criticism or insult — for example, a comment in a general discussion that everyone knows is aimed at one coworker.

例句

During the debate, Bilal made a personalized remark about an opponent's voting record.

attributive: personalized + remark

The newspaper column contained personalized attacks on local politicians.

collocation: personalized attack

同義詞
  • pointed

    emphasises the sharp, deliberate nature of the remark

  • targeted

    stresses that a specific person was chosen as the object

  • ad hominem

    formal term for arguments that attack the person rather than the issue; C1 level

反義詞
  • general

    not directed at any particular person

  • impersonal

    neutral and objective, not referring to individuals

文法句型

personalized + noun (remark/comment/attack/insult)

用法筆記

Almost always used attributively before nouns of speech or writing (remark, comment, attack, insult, criticism). The meaning carries a negative tone — the speaker is unfairly targeting an individual rather than addressing the general topic. Distinguish from sense 1: a personalized gift delights someone; a personalized remark hurts someone.

常見錯誤

❌The article contained personal attacks on the mayor.' (when meaning targeted at the person)
✅The article contained personalized attacks on the mayor.
💡'Personal attacks' can mean attacks about private life; 'personalized attacks' emphasizes that each attack is deliberately aimed at the specific individual.