surge
surge — noun
1. an occasion when a measured figure, such as the price of a product, the level of
an occasion when a measured figure, such as the price of a product, the level of demand, or the size of a population, rises sharply and unexpectedly
The city saw a surge in house prices after the new train station opened.
surge in [noun]: rise in prices, demand, etc.
A sudden surge in demand left the bakery with empty shelves by noon.
The company reported a surge in sales after releasing its new phone model.
The surge in online orders forced the warehouse to hire extra staff.
There has been a surge in applications for this nursing programme.
文法句型
surge + in/of + noun
用法筆記
Frequently followed by 'in' to specify what is rising ('surge in prices', 'surge in demand'). Can also take 'of' for the amount or thing itself ('a surge of electricity').
常見錯誤
2. a sudden strong forward movement of a mass of people or a body of water
a sudden strong forward movement of a mass of people or a body of water
The crowd moved forward in a surge toward the stage when the band appeared.
surge of [group]: forward movement of people
A surge of protesters flooded the main square after the announcement.
The police held the barrier against the surge of people pushing ahead.
As the doors opened, a surge of passengers rushed onto the platform.
文法句型
surge + of + noun (group/water)
用法筆記
Often followed by 'of' plus a noun describing what is moving ('surge of fans', 'surge of water'). The focus is on the force and speed of the movement, not the distance travelled.
3. a sudden strong feeling that arrives and takes hold of someone
a sudden strong feeling that arrives and takes hold of someone
Adaeze felt a surge of pride when her daughter received the award.
surge of pride / anger / hope / relief
A surge of anger swept through Ishaan when he heard the unfair news.
Élise experienced a sudden surge of hope as the doctor smiled at her.
Brian felt a surge of relief when he found his wallet under the car seat.
文法句型
surge + of + emotion noun
用法筆記
Common with emotion nouns like 'anger', 'pride', 'hope', 'relief', 'excitement', 'sadness'. The feeling is portrayed as arriving suddenly and with force, like a physical wave.
常見錯誤
4. a tall mass of sea water that rises up and rolls forward with great force
a tall mass of sea water that rises up and rolls forward with great force
The fishing boat was lifted by a massive surge of dark ocean water.
storm surge / surge of water
A powerful surge crashed against the rocks, sending white spray into the air.
The storm surge flooded the coastal roads and damaged several seaside houses.
Liam watched the surge roll toward the shore from the safety of the cliff.
文法句型
storm surge
tidal surge
surge + of + water
用法筆記
Often used in compounds with 'storm' or 'tidal' to indicate the cause ('storm surge', 'tidal surge'). The word carries a sense of danger or natural force.
5. a short, sharp rise in the electrical current or voltage running through a circu
a short, sharp rise in the electrical current or voltage running through a circuit or system
A power surge during the storm destroyed Christopher's computer and printer.
compound: power surge
The electrician installed a device to protect the house from sudden power surges.
Mateo lost all his work when a surge knocked out the office computers.
The lights flickered and died after an electrical surge hit the apartment building.
- power spike
a very short, sharp surge; more technical than 'power surge'
- overload
a situation where too much current flows; different cause but similar effect
文法句型
power surge
electrical surge
surge + in + power supply
用法筆記
Often forms the compound noun 'power surge'. Common verbs used with it include 'hit', 'damage', 'knock out', and 'protect against'.
常見錯誤
surge — verb
1. to go up suddenly to a much higher level, often after a period of staying steady
to go up suddenly to a much higher level, often after a period of staying steady
House prices surged across the region after the new highway was built.
surge + by [amount] / past [level] / to [value]
The company profits surged by forty percent in the last quarter alone.
As temperatures surged past forty degrees, the city opened cooling centres.
Enrolment at the local college surged after they cut tuition fees by half.
Demand for electric cars surged when new tax breaks were introduced.
文法句型
surge + adverb (by/up/past)
surge + to + amount
用法筆記
Subject is usually a quantity or statistic (prices, demand, population, profits). Commonly followed by an amount or percentage ('surge by 20%', 'surge to a record high').
常見錯誤
2. to rush forward all at once as a large group or mass
to rush forward all at once as a large group or mass
The crowd surged forward when the gates finally opened at eight o'clock.
surge forward / through / past / into
Water surged through the broken dam and flooded the fields below.
Fans surged onto the football pitch after the home team scored the winning goal.
Protesters surged past the barriers and gathered in front of city hall.
文法句型
surge + adverb (forward/through/past/into)
用法筆記
Typically followed by a direction adverb ('forward', 'through', 'past', 'into'). The subject is usually a crowd of people or a large body of water.
常見錯誤
3. if a feeling surges, it arrives suddenly and fills a person with great force
if a feeling surges, it arrives suddenly and fills a person with great force
A deep sadness surged through Asher when he saw the empty house.
emotion + surge through/within/up
Excitement surged within Yuna as she opened the letter from the university.
Anger surged inside Apinya when she realised someone had taken her bag.
Hope surged in Omar's chest as the rescue team called his name.
- well up
suggests the feeling builds gradually inside; less sudden than 'surge'
- sweep over
like a wave passing over someone; slightly more dramatic
- rise
neutral and broad; does not imply suddenness
文法句型
emotion + surge + adverb (through/within/up)
用法筆記
Subject is always an abstract noun for a feeling (anger, excitement, hope, sadness, pride, relief). Followed by a prepositional phrase showing where the feeling is felt ('through', 'within', 'inside', 'in').
常見錯誤
4. to rise up and then fall back in a powerful rolling motion, used of the sea or a
to rise up and then fall back in a powerful rolling motion, used of the sea or a large body of water
The sea surged against the harbour wall during the terrible winter storm.
[sea/ocean/river] surging against/over/up
Dark water surged over the deck as the boat rocked from side to side.
Waves surged along the coastline, washing away sand and pieces of driftwood.
The river surged over its banks after three days of non-stop heavy rain.
文法句型
[body of water] + surge + adverb
用法筆記
Subject is always water-related (sea, ocean, waves, river, floodwater). More formal and literary than other senses. Not used for people or vehicles.