the above
the above — noun
1. the information, people, or topics that have already been written about or menti
the information, people, or topics that have already been written about or mentioned earlier in the same piece of writing or document
Please send the above document to our legal team by Wednesday.
the above + noun (document/address/amount)
The above figures clearly show how sales have grown this year.
If any of the above is unclear, please contact Megan in Human Resources.
Kofi reviewed the above and sent his comments to each department head.
The above are only the first steps in a much larger plan.
As noted in the above, all laboratory workers must finish the safety training by Friday.
The above was discussed at length during the board meeting last Tuesday.
- the aforementioned
more formal and legal in tone; often used in contracts and official documents
- the foregoing
very formal, common in legal writing; refers specifically to what has just been stated
- above-mentioned
used as a compound adjective before a noun (the above-mentioned items); slightly more formal
- the following
points forward to information that comes next, rather than backwards to earlier content
- below
used in the same way but referring to later parts of the same document (see below, the below)
文法句型
the above + noun
the above (as a noun phrase)
any/all/none of the above
as [verb] in the above
the above was / has been [past participle]
用法筆記
Always takes the definite article 'the'. Can be followed directly by a noun (the above address) or used alone as a noun phrase (the above is correct). Plural verb agreement is common when the above refers to multiple items (the above are...). Also appears in set phrases used as discourse markers: 'as [verb] in the above' (e.g. as noted in the above) and passive constructions like 'the above was discussed / agreed'. Avoid using in casual conversation — it belongs in formal writing such as business letters, reports, and legal documents.