baldwin
baldwin — 名詞
1. James Baldwin (1924–1987), an American writer known for novels, essays, and play
作家
美國非裔作家與社會評論家
James Baldwin (1924–1987), an American writer known for novels, essays, and plays that explore the realities of racism, sexuality, and identity in the United States during the 20th century.
Dewi first read James Baldwin's novel 'Go Tell It on the Mountain' in his university literature class.
Dewi 在大學文學課上第一次讀到 James Baldwin 的小說《向蒼天呼籲》。
read [person]'s novel — referring to a specific work
Many American high schools include James Baldwin's essay 'The Fire Next Time' in their reading lists.
許多美國高中將 James Baldwin 的散文〈下一次的烈火〉列入閱讀書單。
include [person]'s essay in reading lists — educational context
Soraya wrote a paper comparing James Baldwin's writing style with that of his contemporary Ralph Ellison.
Soraya 寫了一篇報告，比較 James Baldwin 與同期作家 Ralph Ellison 的寫作風格。
James Baldwin spent much of his adult life in France, where he wrote some of his most famous works.
James Baldwin 成年後大部分時間住在法國，在那裡創作了多部重要作品。
Salma quoted James Baldwin's line about being a witness to truth during her graduation speech.
Salma 在畢業演說中引用了 James Baldwin 關於見證真相的名言。
用法筆記
In literary contexts, 'Baldwin' alone (without the given name) is sufficient to refer to James Baldwin, as he is by far the most widely recognised figure with this surname. His works are commonly referenced by title or as 'Baldwin's essays/novels.'
常見錯誤
2. James Mark Baldwin (1861–1934), an American psychologist who made important cont
心理學家
美國心理學家Baldwin effect
James Mark Baldwin (1861–1934), an American psychologist who made important contributions to early developmental psychology and proposed the Baldwin effect, an evolutionary theory connecting learned behaviours with natural selection.
Psychology students at National Taiwan University studied the Baldwin effect as part of their evolutionary psychology module.
國立臺灣大學的心理系學生在演化心理學課程中學習了 Baldwin effect。
studied the Baldwin effect — a theory named after this psychologist
James Mark Baldwin's early observations of children's thinking helped shape the field of developmental psychology.
James Mark Baldwin 對兒童思考過程的早期觀察幫助塑造了發展心理學。
[person]'s observations of children — developmental psychology context
Anjali found a reference to James Mark Baldwin in a journal article about the origins of human social behaviour.
Anjali 在一篇關於人類社會行為起源的期刊文章中發現了 James Mark Baldwin 的相關討論。
Modern textbooks on evolutionary psychology still discuss the Baldwin effect as a bridge between learning and genetics.
現代演化心理學教科書仍會討論 Baldwin effect，將其視為學習與遺傳之間的橋樑。
用法筆記
This psychologist is typically referred to with his full name 'James Mark Baldwin' to avoid confusion with the writer James Baldwin. In academic psychology writing, 'Baldwin' alone is sometimes used, but the full name is preferred on first mention.
常見錯誤
3. Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley (1867–1947), a British Conservative
首相
英國三任首相，1923–37
Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley (1867–1947), a British Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times between 1923 and 1937, leading the country through the General Strike of 1926 and the abdication crisis of 1936.
Stanley Baldwin was the British Prime Minister during the abdication of King Edward VIII in 1936.
Stanley Baldwin 在 1936 年愛德華八世退位危機期間擔任英國首相。
[person] was Prime Minister during [event] — political context
Constanza read a biography of Stanley Baldwin to understand British politics between the two world wars.
Constanza 讀了一本 Stanley Baldwin 的傳記，以了解兩次世界大戰之間的英國政治。
Historians often praise Stanley Baldwin's steady leadership during the nine-day General Strike of 1926.
歷史學家經常讚揚 Stanley Baldwin 在 1926 年九天大罷工期間的穩健領導。
Dahlia's history professor described Stanley Baldwin as a calm and cautious leader in a time of great change.
Dahlia 的歷史教授形容 Stanley Baldwin 是個在動盪時代冷靜而謹慎的領袖。
Several biographies of Stanley Baldwin examine his handling of the rising threat from Nazi Germany in the 1930s.
多本 Stanley Baldwin 的傳記探討了他於 1930 年代如何應對納粹德國日益升高的威脅。
用法筆記
Stanley Baldwin is most commonly referred to with his full name 'Stanley Baldwin' in British political history. He is also known by his title 'Earl Baldwin of Bewdley,' though this formal title is less common in general historical writing.