below
below — 副詞
1. at a place, level, or position that is lower than something else, or lower than
在下方
位置比某物或說話者所在處低
at a place, level, or position that is lower than something else, or lower than where the speaker is standing.
Wen stood on the cliff and watched the waves crash on the rocks below.
Wen 站在懸崖上，看著海浪拍打下方的岩石。
noun + below for 'lower than the speaker'
From the plane window, Jacob could see tiny villages below.
從機艙窗戶往外看，Jacob 看見下面有一些小村莊。
from + position + below
The kitchen is on the ground floor, and the laundry room is below.
廚房在一樓，洗衣間則在下面那一層。
A loud bang came from the apartment below at around midnight.
大約半夜時，樓下的公寓傳來一聲巨響。
The climbers waved at their friends who were waiting below.
登山客向在下面等候的朋友揮手。
- underneath
more often used when something covers or is directly under another thing
- beneath
more formal or literary than 'below'
- above
the direct opposite for spatial position
文法句型
verb + below
from below
用法筆記
Often appears at the end of a clause with no following noun, because the lower place is understood from context.
常見錯誤
2. smaller in number, amount, or level than a stated figure or standard.
低於；少於
數量、程度比某個標準小
smaller in number, amount, or level than a stated figure or standard.
Sales for the new phone fell below last year's figures by twelve percent.
新手機的銷售量比去年的數字低了百分之十二。
fall below + numerical amount
Eitan's test score was just below the passing mark.
Eitan 的考試成績只比及格分數低一點點。
just below for narrowly under a level
Children below the age of six get into the museum free.
六歲以下的兒童進博物館不用收費。
House prices in the small town stayed well below the national average.
這個小鎮的房價始終遠低於全國平均。
文法句型
fall below
drop below
be below + amount
用法筆記
Often paired with quantity nouns (age, level, average, mark) and verbs of change (fall, drop, sink). Distinguish from sense 1: this sense is about numbers and standards, not physical height.
常見錯誤
3. used without a following noun to mean 'at a less senior level' or 'further down
下位；後幾名
組織職位或排名上較低處
used without a following noun to mean 'at a less senior level' or 'further down a ranking', when the reference point is clear from context.
Ines started two ranks below the team captain when she joined the squad.
Ines 加入隊伍時，職位比隊長低兩級。
ranks + below for organisational hierarchy
Our team finished the season three places below the league leaders.
我們球隊整季成績比聯盟領頭羊低三名。
places + below in standings
Anyone working below the manager has to file a weekly report.
在經理底下做事的人都得每週交一份報告。
She was promoted from the position below to head of design last month.
上個月她從下一個職位升任設計部主管。
- above
for higher rank or position
文法句型
rank + below
position + below
用法筆記
Subject is usually a person, role, or team. Often combines with rank-counting nouns (places, ranks, levels) before 'below'.
4. further down a page, or later within the same written text.
下文；下方
在同一頁或同一篇文件後面提到
further down a page, or later within the same written text.
Please read the safety rules listed below before entering the laboratory.
進入實驗室前，請先閱讀下方列出的安全規則。
noun + below pointing to later text
For Tokyo office hours and weekend pickup times, see below.
Tokyo 辦公室的營業時間與週末取件時段，請見下方說明。
see below as a stand-alone reference
The chart below shows how sea levels have risen since 1980.
下方圖表顯示自 1980 年以來海平面上升的情況。
Sign the form and write your phone number in the box below.
請在表單上簽名，並把電話號碼寫在下方的欄位裡。
- following
as in 'the following table'; same idea, more formal
- hereinafter
very formal, mostly in legal documents
- above
for material already mentioned earlier in the text
文法句型
see below
as shown below
noun + below
用法筆記
Common in textbooks, contracts, instructions, and academic writing. Distinguish from sense 1: here 'below' refers to text or images further down a page, not to a physical lower place.
常見錯誤
5. lower than zero degrees, used when talking about temperature.
零下
氣溫低於攝氏零度
lower than zero degrees, used when talking about temperature.
Last night the temperature in Hokkaido dropped to ten below zero.
昨晚北海道的氣溫降到零下十度。
number + below zero for sub-zero temperature
Lake Suwa freezes solid whenever the air stays below zero for a week.
只要空氣連續一週維持在零下，諏訪湖就會完全結冰。
stay + below zero
Esme forgot her gloves on a morning that felt like five below.
Esme 在像是零下五度的早晨忘了帶手套。
Diesel trucks in Alaska struggle to start when overnight temperatures fall well below zero.
在 Alaska，當夜間氣溫降到遠低於零下時，柴油卡車很難發動。
- sub-zero
single adjective meaning 'below zero', often before a noun like 'temperatures'
- above zero
for temperatures higher than freezing point
文法句型
temperature + below zero
drop to below zero
用法筆記
In American speech, 'below' is sometimes used alone after a number (e.g., 'ten below') to mean 'below zero'.
常見錯誤
below — 介系詞
1. in a position that is lower than something, either directly under it or somewher
在……下方
位置低於某個事物
in a position that is lower than something, either directly under it or somewhere further down.
A small bird had built its nest below the kitchen window.
一隻小鳥在廚房窗戶下方築了巢。
below + physical reference point
Sara hid the spare key below a flat stone near the gate.
Sara 把備用鑰匙藏在大門附近一塊扁平石頭下面。
The submarine sailed slowly below the surface of the sea.
潛水艇緩緩地在海面下方航行。
Workers found Roman coins buried below the floor of the old farmhouse.
工人在那座老農舍的地板下方挖到羅馬時期的硬幣。
Mia hung a small painting of her dog just below the bedroom mirror.
Mia 把一幅小狗的小畫掛在臥室鏡子的正下方。
- above
the direct spatial opposite
文法句型
below + noun
用法筆記
Often interchangeable with 'under', but 'below' suggests a vertical relationship without necessarily being directly underneath. Use 'under' when one thing covers or touches another (under the blanket).
常見錯誤
2. at a point along a river that is closer to the sea than a place mentioned, in th
下游處
順著河流方向比某地更近河口
at a point along a river that is closer to the sea than a place mentioned, in the direction the river flows.
The fishermen anchored their boats just below the old stone bridge.
漁民把船停泊在那座古老石橋的下游一點。
below + landmark on a river
Wild salmon are usually caught below the waterfall in late autumn.
晚秋時，野生鮭魚通常在瀑布下游被捕獲。
Several small farms lie below the dam along the Mekong.
湄公河上有幾座小農場位於水壩的下游。
The water grows muddy below the factory and stays brown for miles.
工廠下游的河水變得混濁，而且好幾英里都呈棕色。
- downstream from
more explicit and common in everyday speech
- downriver from
near-equivalent; emphasises the river itself
- above
for upstream points along a river
- upstream from
everyday counterpart
文法句型
below + river / point on river
用法筆記
Used mainly in writing about geography, fishing, or boating. The reference noun is always something on a river (a town, a bridge, a dam). Distinguish from sense 1: 'lower' here means 'further along the flow', not vertically beneath.
3. in or to an area that is south of a stated place, when looking at a normal map.
在……南邊
在地圖上位於某地南方
in or to an area that is south of a stated place, when looking at a normal map.
The town of Tucson sits just below Phoenix on the highway map.
在公路地圖上，Tucson 鎮就位於 Phoenix 南邊一點。
below + place name meaning 'south of'
Most of the rainforest lies below the equator in this region.
這個地區大部分的雨林都位於赤道以南。
below + the equator
Many bird species fly to warmer islands below Florida every winter.
許多鳥種每年冬天都會飛到 Florida 南邊較溫暖的島嶼。
On the world map, Argentina sits just below Bolivia and stretches down to Patagonia.
在世界地圖上，Argentina 就位於 Bolivia 南邊，一路延伸到 Patagonia。
- south of
more precise; preferred in formal geography
文法句型
below + place / latitude
用法筆記
Relies on the map convention that south is at the bottom. Often used loosely in everyday speech; for precision, prefer 'south of'.
常見錯誤
4. used with a following person, role, or rank to mean 'at a junior level to that p
職級低於
在組織中位階比某人低
used with a following person, role, or rank to mean 'at a junior level to that person or role' in a hierarchy.
A sergeant is one rank below a lieutenant in the army.
在軍隊中，士官的軍階比中尉低一級。
rank + below + senior role
Everyone below the head chef in the kitchen takes orders from her.
廚房裡所有職位低於主廚的人都聽她指揮。
below + person for hierarchy
At the Tokyo office, anyone below the level of director must email Reiko before booking flights.
在 Tokyo 辦公室，凡是職級低於總監的員工，訂機票前都必須先寫信給 Reiko。
Players ranked below the top fifty rarely win a major title.
排名在前五十之外的選手很少能贏得大型賽事冠軍。
文法句型
below + person / role / rank
用法筆記
Object is typically a role (manager, captain, director) or a numbered ranking. Frequently appears in workplace, military, and sports contexts.
5. considered to be of too low a status, quality, or moral standard for a particula
有失身分
對某人而言過於低下、不值得做
considered to be of too low a status, quality, or moral standard for a particular person to do or accept.
The proud old judge felt that gossip was below him.
那位驕傲的老法官覺得閒言碎語有失他的身分。
below + person meaning 'unworthy of'
Helping with the dishes was never below her grandfather, even as a guest.
對她的祖父來說，幫忙洗碗從不是有失身分的事，即使他是客人。
Cheating in a friendly match should be below any serious athlete.
在友誼賽中作弊，對任何認真的運動員都應是有失身分的事。
Senator Hayes acted as though answering reporters was below him.
Senator Hayes 的態度彷彿覺得回答記者有失自己身分。
- beneath
much more common in this 'unworthy of' sense
- unworthy of
explicit and natural in modern English
- worthy of
expresses the positive idea directly
文法句型
below + person / one's dignity
用法筆記
Usually in negative or critical contexts about a person's pride or moral choice. The synonym 'beneath' is far more common in this meaning today.
常見錯誤
below — 名詞
1. the material that appears later on the same page, used as a noun phrase with 'th
下方所述
同一頁後面出現的內容
the material that appears later on the same page, used as a noun phrase with 'the'.
The lawyer asked Mr. Chen to sign and date the below at the bottom of page three.
律師請 Mr. Chen 在第三頁底部的以下內容上簽名並填上日期。
legal register: 'sign the below'
In the biology textbook diagram, the above shows the leaves and the below shows the roots.
在生物課本的圖示中，上方顯示葉子，下方顯示樹根。
the below paired with the above
Hi Ines, please review the below and let me know your thoughts before Friday's meeting.
Ines 你好，請審閱下方內容，並在週五會議前告訴我你的想法。
The geology textbook summarises the above and the below in a single cross-section drawing.
地質學課本用一張剖面圖把上方與下方的內容整合在一起。
- the following
the natural everyday alternative
- the above
matching noun for material higher on the page
文法句型
the below
用法筆記
Mostly limited to legal writing, formal email, and academic captions. In normal English, prefer phrases like 'the items below' or 'the section below'.
常見錯誤
below — 形容詞
1. appearing further down a page, or talked about later within the same document.
下方的
在同一頁或文件後面出現的
appearing further down a page, or talked about later within the same document.
Please complete the form below in clear black ink.
請用清楚的黑色墨水填寫下方表格。
the [noun] below — postpositive adjective use
The map below shows every emergency exit on the floor.
下方地圖標出這層樓所有的緊急出口。
Tick the box below if you agree to the terms of service.
如果同意服務條款，請在下方方框打勾。
Use the recipe below to bake a simple chocolate cake at home.
依照下方食譜，就能在家烤一個簡單的巧克力蛋糕。
- following
common attributive option: 'the following table'
- above
postpositive opposite: 'the chart above'
文法句型
noun + below
用法筆記
Always placed AFTER the noun it describes, never before (you cannot say 'the below table'). Distinguish from the noun sense: here 'below' modifies a named item ('the chart below'), whereas the noun stands alone ('the below').