cave
cave — 名詞
1. a natural hollow space found in rock, such as inside a mountain or cliff, or any
洞穴
岩石或地下的天然空洞
a natural hollow space found in rock, such as inside a mountain or cliff, or any similar space located below the ground
The children found a shallow cave behind the waterfall.
孩子們在瀑布後面發現了一個淺淺的洞穴。
noun with location preposition: cave behind + noun
Scientists discovered a huge cave beneath the desert floor.
科學家在沙漠地表下方發現了一個巨大的洞穴。
collocation: discover a cave
The old cave was once used as a shelter by local villagers.
這個老洞穴曾經被當地村民用作避難所。
A cold stream flows out of the cave and down the hillside.
一條冰冷的小溪從洞穴中流出，順著山坡而下。
Tourists are not allowed to enter the cave without a guide.
沒有導遊陪同，遊客不得進入這個洞穴。
常見錯誤
cave — 動詞
1. to finally agree to a demand or request after refusing at first, usually because
讓步；屈服
在壓力下同意原本拒絕的事
to finally agree to a demand or request after refusing at first, usually because someone has put pressure on you or convinced you over time
The company caved in to the workers' demands for better safety equipment.
這間公司對工人提出的安全設備要求做出了讓步。
cave in to + noun phrase
Leila refused at first but finally caved and let her son go to the concert.
Leila 一開始拒絕了，但最後還是讓步，答應讓兒子去聽演唱會。
cave (without in) as standalone verb
After weeks of complaints from parents, the school board caved in.
在家長們抗議了幾個星期之後，學校董事會終於讓步了。
The mayor refused to cave in to pressure from property developers.
市長拒絕向建商的壓力低頭。
Theo caved in and bought his daughter the expensive toy she wanted.
Theo 最後還是屈服了，幫女兒買了那個她想要的昂貴玩具。
- resist
to continue refusing in spite of pressure
- stand firm
to keep your position without giving way
文法句型
cave in + to + noun
用法筆記
Can be used with or without the particle 'in' in this sense, though 'cave in' (with object introduced by 'to') is the most common pattern. The bare form 'cave' is more informal and appears mainly in conversation.
常見錯誤
2. to stop putting effort into a contest and simply accept that the other side has
放棄；崩盤
在比賽中停止努力、接受失敗
to stop putting effort into a contest and simply accept that the other side has won, especially in sports or games
The home team caved in after conceding two quick goals in the second half.
主隊在下半場連失兩球之後就放棄了抵抗。
sports context with time reference
Ravi played well for three sets but caved when his opponent raised the pace.
Ravi 前三盤表現不錯，但在對手加快節奏之後，他就潰敗了。
The defending champion refused to cave and fought back from two goals down.
衛冕冠軍拒絕放棄，從落後兩球的情況下奮力反擊。
Young players sometimes cave under the pressure of a final match.
年輕選手有時會在決賽的壓力下崩盤。
- persevere
to keep trying despite difficulty
- hold one's nerve
to stay calm and confident under pressure
文法句型
cave in
cave (sports context)
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (GIVE IN): this sense is specifically about competitive situations where someone stops trying to win, not about agreeing to someone else's demand. The particle 'in' is optional; 'cave under pressure' is a common pattern in sports reporting.