chalk
chalk — 名詞
1. a soft, light-coloured natural stone that was formed from the shells of tiny sea
白堊
由微小海洋生物殼體形成的軟質白色岩石
a soft, light-coloured natural stone that was formed from the shells of tiny sea creatures over millions of years and is used in making cement and as a writing material
The white cliffs along the southern coast of England are made of chalk.
英格蘭南岸的白色懸崖是由白堊形成的。
collocation: chalk cliffs / chalk coast
Farmers sometimes add crushed chalk to their fields to reduce the acidity of the soil.
農夫有時會在田地裡加入壓碎的白堊，以降低土壤的酸度。
add crushed chalk to soil
Chalk forms when tiny seashells settle on the ocean floor over millions of years.
白堊是微小貝殼沉積在海床上數百萬年後形成的。
The artist mixed powdered chalk with water to make a simple white paint.
藝術家將白堊粉末與水混合，製作成簡單的白色顏料。
2. a short stick of white or coloured material that people rub against a blackboard
粉筆
用於黑板上書寫或繪畫的白色或有色細棒
a short stick of white or coloured material that people rub against a blackboard or pavement to leave a visible mark
The teacher picked up a piece of chalk and wrote the answer on the blackboard.
老師拿起一支粉筆，把答案寫在黑板上。
piece of chalk
Leila drew a colourful rainbow on the pavement using bright sticks of coloured chalk.
Leila 用鮮豔的彩色粉筆在人行道上畫了一道彩虹。
coloured chalk / sticks of chalk
A box of white chalk sat on the shelf right next to the blackboard.
一盒白色粉筆就放在黑板旁邊的架子上。
Ravi wiped the chalk dust off his hands before opening the classroom door.
Ravi 在打開教室的門之前，先拍掉手上的粉筆灰。
The children used yellow chalk to draw a large sun on the playground floor.
孩子們用黃色粉筆在操場地面上畫了一個大太陽。
用法筆記
When used as a countable noun (a chalk, two chalks), the word refers to individual sticks used for writing. The uncountable use refers to the material in general.
常見錯誤
chalk — 動詞
1. to write, draw, or mark something on a hard surface using a stick of chalk
用粉筆書寫
用粉筆在硬表面上寫字或畫圖
to write, draw, or mark something on a hard surface using a stick of chalk
Theo chalked the day's specials on the board outside the café.
Theo 用粉筆在咖啡館外的黑板上寫下今日特餐。
The coach chalked a small arrow on the pavement to show the running route.
教練用粉筆在人行道上畫了一個小箭頭，標示跑步的路線。
chalked + arrow + on + surface
Yara chalked a hopscotch grid on the path so the younger children could play.
Yara 在小路上畫了一個跳房子的格子，讓年紀較小的孩子可以玩。
The librarian chalked the return dates on a small blackboard near the front desk.
圖書館員用粉筆在前桌附近的小黑板上寫下歸還日期。
文法句型
chalk + noun phrase + on/onto + surface
用法筆記
The surface written on is typically introduced by the preposition 'on' or 'onto' after the direct object.