condensation
condensation — 名詞
1. tiny liquid beads that gather on a cool surface when warm air or steam gets cold
冷凝
水蒸氣遇冷形成的水滴
tiny liquid beads that gather on a cool surface when warm air or steam gets cold and changes back into water
Maja wiped condensation off the bedroom window with a cloth every cold morning.
Maja 每天早上用布擦掉臥室窗戶上的冷凝水珠。
uncountable noun: no plural form
The cold glass of lemonade had condensation dripping down its sides on the hot day.
大熱天裡，冰檸檬水杯外側不斷有水珠凝結滴落。
Condensation formed on the bathroom mirror after Jude took a long, hot shower.
Jude 洗完熱水澡後，浴室鏡子上結了一層水珠。
During winter, condensation collects on the inside of old windows without double glazing.
冬天時，沒有雙層玻璃的舊窗戶內側會積聚冷凝水。
Gabriel noticed condensation on his glasses when he walked into the warm restaurant.
Gabriel 走進溫暖的餐廳時，發現眼鏡上起了霧。
- evaporation
the opposite process — liquid turning into gas rather than gas turning into liquid
文法句型
condensation + verb (forms / collects / appears)
用法筆記
Uncountable noun — do not use a plural form. Use 'drops of condensation' to refer to individual beads of water.
常見錯誤
2. the scientific process by which a gas or vapor becomes a liquid, for example whe
凝結
氣體變為液體的物理過程
the scientific process by which a gas or vapor becomes a liquid, for example when water vapor in the air cools down and turns into liquid water
In the lab, Meera studied the condensation of water vapor into liquid droplets.
在實驗室裡，Meera 研究了水蒸氣凝結成液滴的過程。
technical pattern: condensation of [substance] into [state]
Luca held a cold tray above a steaming beaker and watched condensation turn vapor into droplets.
Luca 將冷托盤放在冒蒸氣的燒杯上方，觀察凝結作用如何把蒸氣變成小水滴。
scientific context: condensation + of/into for phase-change description
The science teacher explained how condensation and evaporation work together in the water cycle.
自然老師向學生解釋凝結與蒸發如何在水循環中共同作用。
Brandon showed his sister how condensation from their breath fogged the cold car window on a winter morning.
冬天的早晨，Brandon 向妹妹解釋他們呼出的熱氣如何凝結，讓冰冷的車窗蒙上一層霧。
Cyrus learned that the condensation point of steam depends on the surrounding air pressure.
Cyrus 學到，水蒸氣的凝結點取決於周圍的氣壓。
- liquefaction
more technical and broader; can refer to turning any substance into a liquid, including solids
- precipitation
the result of condensation in the atmosphere; rain or snow that falls to the ground
- evaporation
the change from liquid to gas at the surface of a liquid
- vaporization
the broader change from liquid or solid to gas or vapor
文法句型
condensation + of [substance] + into [state]
condensation + of [subument]
用法筆記
Used in scientific and technical contexts to describe the physical phase change. The opposite process is evaporation (liquid to gas) or sublimation (solid to gas). Frequently paired with 'of' to specify the substance undergoing the change.
常見錯誤
3. the act of expressing the same information from a text or speech in a much short
濃縮；精簡
將文字大幅精簡的過程
the act of expressing the same information from a text or speech in a much shorter way by keeping only the most important parts
The editor wrote a condensation that shortened the report from fifty pages to just ten.
編輯將報告濃縮，從五十頁縮減到只剩十頁。
countable pattern: a condensation of [document]
Hassan prepared a condensation of the novel so new students could follow the main plot.
Hassan 準備了一份小說的濃縮版，讓新生能夠掌握主要情節。
A good condensation of a speech keeps every important point while using far fewer words.
一場演講的精簡版本既要保留所有重點，又要用詞精煉得多。
Ritu, with no time for the full version, read a condensation of the long text.
Ritu 讀了那篇長文的濃縮版，因為沒時間讀完整版。
- summary
more common in everyday use; a summary may only list main points, while a condensation keeps the original structure
- digest
a collection or magazine of shortened versions of longer works; often periodical
- abridgment
a shortened version of a book that keeps the original style and sequence of events
- expansion
a version that adds more detail or explanation to an original text
- full-length version
the complete, unabridged form of a written work
文法句型
a + condensation + of + [document]
用法筆記
More formal than 'summary.' A condensation aims to preserve the original structure and tone while reducing length, whereas a summary simply lists the main points. Often used about books, reports, or speeches.