darwin
darwin — 名詞
1. Charles Robert Darwin (1809–1882), the English naturalist who developed the theo
達爾文
英國博物學家，演化論創始人
Charles Robert Darwin (1809–1882), the English naturalist who developed the theory that all living things evolve through natural selection. His book On the Origin of Species (1859) presented evidence for evolution and changed how people understand the diversity of life on Earth.
Lauren read Darwin's On the Origin on the train, underlining passages about natural selection in pencil.
Lauren 在火車上讀達爾文的《物種起源》，用鉛筆劃出關於天擇的重點段落。
collocation: Darwin's On the Origin of Species
Anjali wrote her school report on Darwin's voyage aboard the HMS Beagle.
Anjali 以達爾文搭乘小獵犬號的航行為題，寫了一篇學校報告。
collocation: Darwin's voyage
Darwin studied finches on the Galápagos Islands as a famous case of adaptation.
達爾文在加拉巴哥群島研究雀鳥，以此作為適應的著名案例。
At Down House, Darwin carefully examined barnacles under his microscope before writing On the Origin of Species.
達爾文在唐屋家中用顯微鏡仔細觀察藤壺，之後才撰寫《物種起源》。
Darwin's explanation of natural selection helped Chidi understand why some birds survived while others did not.
達爾文對天擇的解釋幫助 Chidi 了解為什麼有些鳥類存活下來，有些則沒有。
- Charles Darwin
full name; used for formal or academic writing
- Charles Robert Darwin
complete formal name; used in encyclopedic contexts
文法句型
Darwin + verb
Darwin's + noun
用法筆記
Frequently appears in possessive form (Darwin's) before scientific terms: Darwin's theory, Darwin's finches, Darwin's notebooks. The adjective Darwinian describes ideas or processes that follow Darwin's principles.
常見錯誤
2. Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802), an English physician, poet, and natural philosopher
老達爾文
英國醫生暨詩人，查爾斯·達爾文之祖父
Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802), an English physician, poet, and natural philosopher who wrote about evolution in poetic form before his grandson Charles Darwin. He was also a founding member of the Lunar Society, a group of thinkers and inventors in 18th-century England.
Erasmus Darwin was a well-known physician who treated patients in the English city of Derby.
伊拉斯謨斯·達爾文是英國德比郡一位著名的醫生。
The Lunar Society brought together thinkers like Erasmus Darwin, James Watt, and Joseph Priestley.
月光社匯集了伊拉斯謨斯·達爾文、James Watt 和 Joseph Priestley 等思想家。
historical context: Lunar Society
Erasmus Darwin published a long poem called The Botanic Garden about plants and nature.
伊拉斯謨斯·達爾文出版了一首關於植物與自然的長詩《植物園》。
Some of Erasmus Darwin's ideas about evolution were later developed further by his grandson Charles.
伊拉斯謨斯·達爾文關於演化的一些觀點，後來由他的孫子查爾斯進一步發展。
文法句型
Erasmus Darwin + verb
用法筆記
In most contexts, Darwin alone refers to Charles Darwin. When talking about Erasmus Darwin, the full name Erasmus Darwin or the informal label Darwin's grandfather is typically used to avoid confusion.
常見錯誤
3. the capital city of the Northern Territory in northern Australia. It is a major
達爾文市
澳洲北領地首府及港口城市
the capital city of the Northern Territory in northern Australia. It is a major port on the Timor Sea and serves as a gateway for travellers visiting Kakadu and Litchfield National Parks. The city was named after the naturalist Charles Darwin.
Darwin is the capital city of Australia's Northern Territory, located on the coast.
達爾文市是澳洲北領地的首府，位於沿海地帶。
capital of the Northern Territory
Hui flew into Darwin on her way to explore Kakadu National Park.
Hui 飛抵達爾文市，準備前往卡卡杜國家公園旅遊。
The port of Darwin handles trade between Australia and countries in Southeast Asia.
達爾文港負責澳洲與東南亞各國之間的貿易。
Cyclone Tracy destroyed most of Darwin on Christmas Day in 1974.
1974 年聖誕節，特雷西氣旋摧毀了達爾文市大部分地區。
Darwin has a tropical climate with a wet season and a dry season.
達爾文市屬於熱帶氣候，分為雨季和乾季。
- Darwin city
used to distinguish the place from the person; common in travel writing
文法句型
Darwin + is + noun
in/to/from + Darwin
用法筆記
The noun sense and the geographical-name sense both refer to the same city. In this dictionary they are merged into one entry. When speaking Chinese, adding 市 (city) after 達爾文 helps distinguish the city from the scientist. In English, context alone usually makes the meaning clear — compare 'Darwin's theory' (the scientist) with 'I live in Darwin' (the city).