deviation

deviation — 名詞

1. a situation or action in which someone or something moves away from what is usua

1.名詞B2
釋義

偏離；偏差

偏離常規或社會標準的行為

a situation or action in which someone or something moves away from what is usual, expected, or socially accepted

例句

The teacher spotted a clear deviation from the dress code when Haruto arrived in costume.

當 Haruto 穿著戲服到校時，老師發現他明顯偏離了服裝規定。

collocation: deviation from [rule/code]

Any deviation from the recipe could ruin the texture of the cake.

任何偏離食譜的做法都可能破壞蛋糕的質地。

同義詞
  • departure

    more neutral and widely used; does not carry the same negative judgment as deviation

  • divergence

    implies moving in a different direction rather than breaking a rule; often used in opinion or path contexts

  • aberration

    stronger and more formal; suggests an abnormal or unacceptable departure from the norm

  • anomaly

    highlights something that stands out as unusual rather than a deliberate act of moving away

反義詞
  • conformity

    the state of following accepted rules or standards

  • adherence

    sticking closely to a rule, plan, or standard

  • compliance

    obeying a rule or request, often in a formal or required context

文法句型

deviation from [norm/standard/rule]

a deviation — countable with article when referring to a specific instance

用法筆記

Frequently followed by the preposition 'from' to specify the norm or standard being departed from. The uncountable form describes the general concept, while the countable form highlights one specific instance.

常見錯誤

❌There was a big deviation of the rules.
✅There was a big deviation from the rules.
💡the correct preposition is 'from', not 'of'.

2. in statistics, the distance between one data point and the average or expected n

2.名詞B2
釋義

離差

數據值偏離平均值的差距

in statistics, the distance between one data point and the average or expected number in a set of measurements

例句

The standard deviation tells you how spread out the test scores are.

標準離差告訴你考試分數的分佈有多分散。

technical term: standard deviation

A large deviation from the average might indicate a mistake in the measurement.

與平均值差距過大，可能表示測量有誤。

preposition: deviation from [average]

同義詞
  • variance

    a related but distinct statistical term; variance is the square of the standard deviation

  • difference

    general term for the gap between numbers; less precise than deviation in formal statistics

  • variation

    broader term describing spread within a dataset; covers both deviation and other forms of dispersion

文法句型

[amount] deviation — modified by a value or adjective

deviation from [expected value/mean]

用法筆記

Most commonly encountered in the fixed phrase 'standard deviation', which is a core concept in descriptive statistics. Can be followed by 'of' when giving a specific value (a deviation of 2.5).