extension
extension — 形容詞
1. describes additional schoolwork or activities designed to push students beyond t
進階的
為學生提供額外挑戰的
describes additional schoolwork or activities designed to push students beyond their basic tasks by introducing harder or more varied challenges.
The teacher gave the faster students an extension task on ancient Rome.
老師給進度較快的學生出了一份關於古羅馬的進階作業。
extension + noun (task) for students who finish early
Renata enjoyed the extension activities in her maths class because they made her think more deeply.
Renata 很喜歡數學課的拓展活動，因為這些活動促使她更深入思考。
Extension work is often provided for pupils who have already mastered the main lesson.
拓展作業通常提供給已經掌握主要課程內容的學生。
Brian chose an extension project about robotics instead of the standard homework.
Brian 選擇了一個關於機器人的拓展專題，而不是做標準作業。
- advanced
implies higher difficulty level; less emphasis on enrichment
- basic
fundamental level without extra challenge
文法句型
extension + noun (course, work, activity)
用法筆記
Only used before a noun (e.g. extension course, extension work). Nearly always in educational contexts, particularly British schools.
常見錯誤
2. relating to university courses that are open to members of the public who are no
推廣的
大學對外開設、非學位的
relating to university courses that are open to members of the public who are not working toward a degree.
The university extension program offers evening classes in art history for local residents.
這所大學的推廣課程為當地居民提供晚間藝術史課程。
extension program + offers + noun phrase
Tara signed up for an extension course in creative writing at the city college.
Tara 在社區學院報名了一門創意寫作的推廣課程。
Many extension students are working adults who study in their spare time.
許多推廣教育的學生是在職人士，利用業餘時間進修。
Extension departments often arrange lectures that are free and open to everyone.
推廣教育部門經常舉辦免費講座，開放給所有人參加。
- continuing education
broader term; includes professional development, not just university outreach
文法句型
extension + noun (course, program, department)
用法筆記
Frequently appears with 'department', 'program', 'course', or 'student'. Distinguished from sense 1 by involving university outreach rather than in-school enrichment.
extension — 名詞
1. the act or fact of making something larger, longer, or more far‑reaching — for e
延伸；延長
泛指事物在時間、範圍或長度上的延伸
the act or fact of making something larger, longer, or more far‑reaching — for example, extending a deadline, a visa, or the scope of an argument.
The government granted a three-month extension on the visa application deadline.
政府將簽證申請截止日期延長了三個月。
granted + extension + on + noun phrase (deadline)
Ari asked his professor for an extension on the term paper because he was ill.
Ari 因為生病，向教授申請了期末報告的延期。
The extension of the motorway will connect the two cities by 2027.
這條高速公路的延伸路段將在 2027 年之前連接兩個城市。
The charity announced the extension of its free meal programme to cover two more neighbourhoods.
這家慈善機構宣布將免費餐食計劃的範圍擴大到另外兩個社區。
The red carpet was an extension of the stage, leading right into the audience.
紅色的地毯是舞台的延伸，一路舖到觀眾席前方。
- expansion
implies growth in size or scale rather than length
- lengthening
specifically about making something longer physically
- prolongation
formal; specifically about extending time
- shortening
making something shorter in length or duration
- contraction
reduction in size or scope
文法句型
extension of + noun
extension to + noun
on extension
用法筆記
Can be countable (a short extension, three extensions) or uncountable when referring to the general process. The phrase 'by extension' is a fixed adverbial expression used to logically broaden an argument.
常見錯誤
2. a separate phone in a building that shares one outside line with other units but
分機
同一主線上的附屬電話
a separate phone in a building that shares one outside line with other units but can be reached by dialling its own internal code.
Please dial 0 and then the extension number 342 to reach the sales team.
請先撥 0，再轉分機 342 聯絡業務團隊。
dial + extension + number pattern
Talia picked up the phone and asked the receptionist to put her through to extension 219.
Talia 拿起電話，請總機幫她轉接分機 219。
Every desk in the office has its own extension so colleagues can call each other directly.
辦公室每張桌上都有自己的分機，同事之間可以直接互撥。
Wei called the hotel and asked to be connected to Mr. Chen's room extension.
Wei 打電話到飯店，要求轉接陳先生的客房分機。
文法句型
extension + number
dial + extension
用法筆記
Often followed by a number (extension 219). In offices, each employee typically has a personal extension linked through a switchboard.
常見錯誤
3. a short code, typically a dot followed by three or four letters, that is placed
副檔名
檔案名稱中句點後的標示
a short code, typically a dot followed by three or four letters, that is placed after a file's name and tells the computer what kind of data the file contains, so the right software can open it.
Images with the .jpg extension can be opened by most photo editing programs.
副檔名為 .jpg 的圖片可以用大多數照片編輯軟體開啟。
.jpg extension — common image file type
Reuben could not open the file because his computer did not recognise the .docx extension.
Reuben 打不開那個檔案，因為他的電腦無法辨識 .docx 副檔名。
You can change the file extension to .pdf if you want to share the document more easily.
如果想要更方便分享文件，可以把副檔名改成 .pdf。
Sade renamed the video file but kept the .mp4 extension so it would still play.
Sade 重新命名了影片檔案，但保留了 .mp4 副檔名，這樣才能繼續播放。
文法句型
file extension + .xxx
filename + extension
用法筆記
Common extensions include .pdf, .docx, .jpg, .png, .mp4, .exe. Changing a file extension without converting the file format can make the file unreadable.
常見錯誤
4. real or artificial strands that you attach to your existing hair, giving it extr
接髮
接在真髮上的人造或真髮
real or artificial strands that you attach to your existing hair, giving it extra length or volume.
Imani bought clip-in hair extensions for the wedding to make her ponytail look fuller.
Imani 買了夾式接髮去參加婚禮，讓馬尾看起來更豐盈。
clip-in hair extensions — type + purpose
The salon offers tape-in extensions that last about eight weeks before they need adjusting.
這間沙龍提供膠帶式接髮，大約可以維持八週才需調整。
Ziad's sister had her hair extensions removed because the weight was hurting her scalp.
Ziad 的妹妹把接髮拆掉了，因為髮片的重量讓她的頭皮不舒服。
Good-quality extensions can be washed and styled just like natural hair.
品質好的接髮可以像真髮一樣清洗和造型。
- hair pieces
broader term; can include wigs and toppers, not just lengthening additions
文法句型
wear + extensions
get + extensions
hair + extensions
用法筆記
Almost always used in the plural ('extensions') when referring to the hair pieces themselves. Common attachment methods include clip-in, tape-in, sew-in, and fusion.
常見錯誤
5. an extra room or section added to an existing building, increasing its usable sp
增建部分
房屋或建築物新加蓋的空間
an extra room or section added to an existing building, increasing its usable space.
The family built a two-storey extension at the back of their house to create a bigger kitchen.
這家人房子後面加蓋了一棟兩層樓的增建部分，打造更大的廚房。
built + extension + at the back of + house — location pattern
Felipe applied for planning permission to add a glass extension to his restaurant.
Felipe 為餐廳申請了玻璃屋增建的建築許可。
The hospital's new extension will provide space for an additional fifty patient beds.
醫院的新增建部分將提供額外五十張病床的空間。
Renata's extension cost more than expected because the builders found problems with the old wall.
Renata 的增建費用比預期高，因為工人發現舊牆有問題。
- demolition
complete removal of a structure
文法句型
build + an extension
extension to + building
extension on + house
用法筆記
Often used with a prepositional phrase ('extension to the house', 'extension on the school'). In British English, 'extension' typically refers to a structure added to a building, not a separate building.
常見錯誤
6. a movement in which you straighten a joint such as the elbow or knee, often perf
伸展動作
伸直手臂或腿的運動
a movement in which you straighten a joint such as the elbow or knee, often performed as an exercise to strengthen or stretch the muscles.
The physiotherapist told Tara to do three sets of ten leg extensions every morning.
物理治療師要 Tara 每天早上做三組、每組十下的腿部伸展動作。
do + [number] + leg extensions — countable exercise sets
Tricep extensions help strengthen the back of the upper arm when done with weights.
用重量訓練做三頭肌伸展，有助於強化上臂後側的肌肉。
Knee extensions are often prescribed after surgery to rebuild muscle control.
膝蓋伸展運動常在手術後開立，以幫助重建肌肉控制力。
Brian felt a burn in his thighs after twenty leg extensions at the gym.
Brian 在健身房做了二十下腿部伸展後，大腿感到一陣灼熱。
- straightening
everyday word for the movement; less technical
- flexion
the opposite movement — bending a joint
文法句型
do + extensions
leg extension
arm extension
用法筆記
Often appears in compound forms: 'leg extension', 'tricep extension', 'knee extension'. Frequently used in physiotherapy and weight-training contexts.
7. a department within a higher education institution that runs courses for local c
推廣教育
大學對非在學生的開放課程
a department within a higher education institution that runs courses for local community members who are not working toward a degree.
The university extension offers affordable evening classes in languages and the arts.
大學推廣教育部提供價格實惠的語言與藝術晚間課程。
university extension + offers + noun phrase — typical subject-verb-object
Wei enrolled in a photography course through the local university extension.
Wei 透過當地大學的推廣教育部報名了一門攝影課。
Extension programmes at public universities are often subsidised to keep fees low.
公立大學的推廣教育課程通常有補助，以維持低學費。
Élise completed a certificate in business management from the university extension.
Élise 完成了大學推廣教育部的企業管理證書課程。
- continuing education
broader category that includes professional development and adult learning
文法句型
extension + of + university
university + extension
用法筆記
Distinguish from adjective sense 2: as a noun, 'extension' (uncountable) refers to the programme itself, while the adjective form modifies a following noun ('extension course').