fume
fume — 動詞
1. to feel or show very strong anger, often keeping some of the anger inside rather
氣憤；動怒
內心感到非常生氣，有時不表現出來
to feel or show very strong anger, often keeping some of the anger inside rather than saying everything that comes to mind.
Paloma fumed silently when her colleague took credit for months of hard work.
Paloma 默默生氣，因為同事把她好幾個月的辛苦功勞佔為己有。
intransitive + adverb (silently) for suppressed anger
Passengers fumed about the three-hour delay after boarding the plane.
乘客們對於登機後又等了三個小時而群情氣憤。
fume + about + cause of anger
Sahil was still fuming an hour after his landlord refused to fix the leak.
Sahil 在房東拒絕修理漏水之後，整整氣憤了一個小時。
Rather than fuming in traffic, Élise listened to an audiobook to relax.
Élise 不想在塞車時生悶氣，就聽有聲書放鬆心情。
The coach fumed at the referee's decision during the final match.
教練對裁判在決賽中的判決感到非常憤怒。
文法句型
fume + at/about/over + noun
fume + (silently/internally)
用法筆記
Often used in the continuous form (be fuming) to describe an ongoing angry state. The object of anger is typically introduced by at, about, or over.
常見錯誤
2. to send out smoke, gases, or vapors into the air, especially in an unpleasant or
排放；冒出
排出煙霧、氣體或蒸氣
to send out smoke, gases, or vapors into the air, especially in an unpleasant or harmful way.
The old factory chimney fumed thick black smoke over the neighborhood.
那間舊工廠的煙囪向社區排放出濃濃黑煙。
transitive: fume + emitted substance
Chemical plants along the river continued to fume day and night.
河邊的化工廠日夜不停地排放廢氣。
intransitive use without direct object
The exhaust pipe fumed white vapor into the cold morning air.
排氣管往寒冷的早晨空氣中噴出白色蒸氣。
The volcano continued to fume ash and sulfur long after the main eruption ended.
主要噴發結束後許久，火山仍持續噴出火山灰和硫磺。
文法句型
fume + noun (object of emission)
fume (no object)
用法筆記
Less common than the anger sense. When used transitively, the object is the substance being emitted (smoke, gas, vapor). Commonly appears in technical or environmental descriptions.
3. to treat an enclosed space or object with chemical smoke or gas in order to kill
燻蒸
用化學煙霧處理空間以殺蟲消毒
to treat an enclosed space or object with chemical smoke or gas in order to kill harmful insects, bacteria, or other pests.
The pest control team fumed the entire warehouse to kill the termites.
除蟲團隊用煙霧燻蒸了整座倉庫以消滅白蟻。
transitive: fume + location
Farmers used sulfur to fume empty grain silos before the new harvest.
農夫在新收成前用硫磺燻蒸了空的穀倉。
fume + for purpose (fumigation)
The hotel was closed for two days while workers fumed each guest room.
飯店關閉了兩天，工人逐一燻蒸每間客房。
Vivek learned how to fume beehives to calm the bees before collecting honey.
Vivek 學會了如何燻蒸蜂箱，讓蜜蜂在採蜜前安定下來。
文法句型
fume + noun (location/object)
用法筆記
This sense is uncommon in everyday English; the synonym fumigate is far more frequent. You may encounter fumed in historical or specialized texts about pest control or disinfection.
常見錯誤
fume — 名詞
1. air that contains smoke, gas, or chemical vapors, especially when it is unpleasa
煙霧；廢氣
有害或難聞的煙氣
air that contains smoke, gas, or chemical vapors, especially when it is unpleasant, harmful, or has a strong smell.
The firefighters wore masks to protect themselves from toxic fumes inside the burning building.
消防員戴上口罩保護自己，避免吸入燃燒建築物內的有毒濃煙。
collocation: toxic fumes
Exhaust fumes from cars and buses make the city air hard to breathe.
汽車和公車排放的廢氣使得城市空氣難以呼吸。
collocation: exhaust fumes
Talia opened the lab window to let out the strong chemical fumes.
Talia 打開實驗室的窗戶，讓強烈的化學氣味散出去。
The kitchen filled with fumes after Liang accidentally burned the toast.
Liang 不小心把吐司烤焦了，廚房裡煙霧迷漫。
文法句型
toxic fumes
exhaust fumes
fumes from + noun
用法筆記
Almost always used in the plural form fumes in everyday English, even when referring to a single type of gas or vapor (e.g., car fumes, paint fumes).
常見錯誤
2. extremely small solid particles that float in the air or in another gas, typical
微粒；煙塵
懸浮在空氣中的固體細小顆粒
extremely small solid particles that float in the air or in another gas, typically produced by industrial or chemical processes.
The factory released fine metal fumes that slowly settled on nearby houses and gardens.
工廠排放出細微的金屬微粒，緩慢地落在附近的房屋和花園上。
collocation: metal fumes
Scientists measured lead fumes in the air around old battery recycling plants.
科學家測量了舊電池回收廠周圍空氣中的鉛微粒含量。
Workers wore special filters to avoid breathing in silica fumes during cutting.
工人在切割時戴上特殊濾網，以免吸入矽塵微粒。
Caio studied how welding fumes affect the lungs of factory workers over many years.
Caio 研究了焊接煙塵多年來如何影響工廠工人的肺部。
文法句型
metal fumes
fumes of + substance
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (HARMFUL SMOKE OR GAS): this sense refers specifically to solid particles suspended in a gas, not to visible smoke or chemical vapors. More common in technical and scientific writing.
3. a strong emotion or influence that clouds a person's ability to think clearly or
迷霧
影響判斷的情緒或想法
a strong emotion or influence that clouds a person's ability to think clearly or make sensible decisions.
The fumes of jealousy clouded her judgment about her colleague's promotion.
嫉妒的迷矇掩蓋了她對同事升遷的判斷。
figurative: fumes of jealousy
Renata made the decision in a fume of anger, without stopping to consider the consequences.
Renata 在盛怒之下做出決定，完全沒有停下來考慮後果。
structure: in a fume of + emotion
The fumes of resentment among the team members made every meeting unproductive.
團隊成員之間的怨恨迷霧讓每次會議都毫無成效。
Under the fumes of exhaustion, Ezra agreed to a deal he would later regret.
在極度疲憊的迷亂中，Ezra 同意了一筆他後來會後悔的交易。
文法句型
fumes of + emotion
in a fume of + emotion
用法筆記
This sense is figurative and primarily found in literary or formal writing. It draws a metaphor from physical fumes that obscure vision. Much less common than the literal senses of fume.
4. a condition of being extremely annoyed or angry, often shown through one's behav
大怒；惱怒
非常生氣的狀態
a condition of being extremely annoyed or angry, often shown through one's behavior or expression.
Zuri stormed out of the office in a fume after arguing with her boss.
Zuri 與主管激烈爭吵後怒氣沖沖地衝出辦公室。
phrase: in a fume
The restaurant owner was in a fume when he saw the delivery of spoiled fish.
餐廳老闆看到送來的魚已腐壞，非常惱火。
Camila left the meeting in a fume, muttering about the unfair budget cuts.
Camila 邊嘟囔著不合理的預算削減，邊氣沖沖地離開會議。
The teacher was in a fume over students who had cheated on the final exam.
老師對於在期末考試中作弊的學生感到非常惱怒。
- rage
stronger, often implies loss of control
- temper
a more general term for a state of anger
- fit of anger
a temporary, often sudden, burst of anger
- calm
a state free from anger or agitation
文法句型
in a fume
in a fume about/over/at
用法筆記
Primarily used in the fixed phrase in a fume. This sense overlaps with the verb sense (SEETHE WITH ANGER), but while the verb describes the action of feeling angry, this noun sense describes the state or condition. More typical in British English than American English.