going
going — 名詞
1. the speed at which a person or group makes progress through a task or activity,
進度；速度
做事的進展速度
the speed at which a person or group makes progress through a task or activity, measured by how much gets done in a given time.
With three helpers, the going on the painting was much faster than Hui expected.
有了三個幫手，油漆工作的進度比 Hui 預期的快很多。
adjective + going for progress speed
The going on this crossword is slow because every clue is a tricky one.
這個填字遊戲的速度很慢，因為每個提示都很難。
Hugo and his cousins made good going on the drive north and arrived two hours ahead of schedule.
Hugo 和他的表兄弟們往北開車進展順利，比預計時間早了兩小時到達。
After chapter one, the going became smoother and Tyler finished the book in two days.
第一章之後，閱讀進度變得順暢了，Tyler 兩天就看完了整本書。
文法句型
adjective + going
make + adjective + going
用法筆記
Frequently paired with an adjective before 'going' to express the quality of progress (slow going, easy going, heavy going). The adjective carries the evaluative meaning; 'going' itself simply names the dimension of progress.
常見錯誤
2. the level of difficulty or challenge that something presents — for example, a bo
難易度
做某事的困難程度
the level of difficulty or challenge that something presents — for example, a book, a task, or a period of time that feels mentally or physically demanding.
The calculus exam was tough going even for Cole, who usually gets top marks.
微積分考試連平時拿高分的 Cole 都覺得很吃力。
tough going — mentally demanding
The novel's first half is heavy going, but the second half is much quicker.
這本小說前半部讀起來很艱澀，但後半部就好讀多了。
heavy going — slow and difficult to get through
This hiking trail is rough going for anyone who is not used to steep climbs.
這條健行步道對不習慣陡峭爬坡的人來說很不好走。
Learning Japanese was slow going at first, but after six months Ada could converse.
學日語一開始進展很慢，但六個月後 Ada 已經能交談了。
- challenge
more formal; 'going' is more informal and idiomatic
文法句型
adjective + going
用法筆記
Used in the pattern 'it is [adjective] going' or '[noun phrase] is [adjective] going'. The adjective signals the degree of difficulty: 'tough', 'heavy', 'rough', 'hard' indicate high difficulty; 'easy' indicates low difficulty. Distinguish from sense 1 (noun/1) where the focus is on speed rather than difficulty.
常見錯誤
3. the physical condition of a surface that people walk, ride, or drive on, especia
路況
行走或騎乘的地面狀況
the physical condition of a surface that people walk, ride, or drive on, especially when that condition affects how easy or safe travel is.
After the heavy rain, the going on the dirt path was extremely slippery and muddy.
大雨過後，泥土小徑的路況變得非常濕滑泥濘。
ground/terrain condition after weather
The going on the golf course was perfect after the groundskeeper cut the grass.
球場管理員把草剪短之後，高爾夫球場的路況非常理想。
Riders complained that the going on the racetrack was too soft for safe galloping.
騎師抱怨賽馬跑道的地面太軟，無法安全地全速奔馳。
Cyclists avoided the park since the going on the gravel was too bumpy.
腳踏車騎士避開公園，因為碎石路上的路況太顛簸了。
- terrain
broader and more formal; 'going' is specific to travel-condition assessment
文法句型
adjective + going
用法筆記
Most common in sports contexts (horse racing, golf, hiking) and farming. The adjective describes quality: 'good', 'bad', 'soft', 'hard', 'heavy', 'sticky'. A learner will encounter this sense mainly in British sports reporting.
4. the moment when someone departs from a location, a position, or a circumstance,
離去；離開
某人離開某處的場合
the moment when someone departs from a location, a position, or a circumstance, often with emotional weight or a sense of finality.
His sudden going left the department without a manager for the final quarter.
他突然離去，讓部門在最後一季沒有主管。
possessive + going for departure with consequences
We felt sad at Élise's going, though she had found a wonderful new job.
Élise 的離開讓我們很難過，雖然她找到了一份很好的新工作。
The going of the last ferry meant the islanders were stuck until morning.
最後一班渡輪離去後，島上的人們只好待到天亮。
The abrupt going of their lead singer shocked the band and their fans deeply.
主唱突然離去，讓樂團和歌迷都感到非常震驚。
- arrival
the opposite act — coming to a place instead of leaving it
文法句型
possessive + going
用法筆記
Frequently takes a possessive determiner or 'the' + of structure: 'his going', 'the going of the train'. More formal than everyday alternatives like 'leaving' or 'departure'. Common in written narratives and news reports.
常見錯誤
going — 形容詞
1. available for people to use, take, or access — for example, jobs, food, opportun
現有；可用
存在可供使用的
available for people to use, take, or access — for example, jobs, food, opportunities, or resources that exist at the present time.
Few jobs are going in this small town, so young people often move away.
這個小鎮現有的工作機會不多，所以年輕人往往搬到外地。
there is/are + noun + going — available/existing
Is there any pizza going? I skipped lunch and I am starving.
有沒有披薩可以吃？我沒吃午餐，快餓死了。
The best scholarship going for art students comes from the City Foundation.
今年美術系學生現有的最佳獎學金來自城市基金會。
There were no vegetarian options going at the barbecue, so Zayd ate only the salad.
烤肉派對上沒有素食可以吃，所以 Zayd 只吃了沙拉。
- unavailable
formal; no direct informal antonym exists in this pattern
文法句型
there is/are + noun + going
the best/only + noun + going
用法筆記
Used post-positively (after the noun) or in existential constructions. Cannot be placed before the noun: ✅ 'the best opportunity going' ❌ 'the going opportunity'. Common in everyday speech about jobs, food, and opportunities.
常見錯誤
2. describing the standard price, rate, or fee that buyers and sellers accept in th
時價；現行
特定時間的通常費率或價格
describing the standard price, rate, or fee that buyers and sellers accept in the current market for a product or service.
What is the going rate for a part-time English tutor in Taipei these days?
現在台北兼職英文家教的行價是多少？
going rate — current standard price
The going price for a second-hand bicycle like this one is about three thousand dollars.
像這樣一輛二手腳踏車的時價大約是三千元。
Mira checked the going salary for software engineers before she accepted the job offer.
Mira 在接受這份工作之前，先查了軟體工程師的現行薪資。
The going wage for farm workers there barely covers rent and food.
那個地區農場工人的現行工資幾乎付不起房租和食物。
- current
broader, not limited to prices; 'going' specifically implies market consensus
- standard
suggests an agreed norm; 'going rate' is the norm at this moment
- prevailing
more formal; used in legal and business documents
文法句型
going + noun
用法筆記
Almost always used before a noun indicating money: 'rate', 'price', 'salary', 'wage', 'fee', 'charge'. The pattern 'going rate/price/salary' is very common in job ads, market reports, and informal business talk.
常見錯誤
3. in a state of active operation, movement, or function — describing a machine, sy
運轉中
正在運作或運轉的狀態
in a state of active operation, movement, or function — describing a machine, system, event, or activity that is currently running or being sustained.
After the power cut, the old generator was still going and kept the lights on.
停電之後，那台老舊的發電機仍然在運轉，維持著燈光亮著。
be going — machine in operation
The party was still going when the neighbours called the police at 2 am.
派對還在進行時，鄰居就在凌晨兩點報警了。
Joaquín cannot fix the car yet, so he is keeping it going until payday.
Joaquín 現在還不能修車，只能讓它勉強撐到發薪日。
The old pump in the yard is still going, though it makes a strange noise.
院子裡那台老抽水馬達還在運轉，雖然發出了奇怪的聲音。
- stopped
not operating or moving
文法句型
be going
keep [noun] going
用法筆記
Often appears in the expression 'keep [something] going', meaning to maintain something in working order or to prevent it from stopping. Also common in 'get [something] going' (start it). The sense overlaps with the idiom 'keep going', but here the adjective modifies a specific object.
常見錯誤
going — 字尾
1. used at the end of a word to describe the activity of regularly visiting or atte
前往某處
固定前往某處的習慣或活動
used at the end of a word to describe the activity of regularly visiting or attending a particular kind of place, such as a church, school, beach, or theatre.
Nkechi's Sunday churchgoing has been a family tradition since her grandmother's time in their small Nigerian village.
Nkechi 每週日上教堂是她從祖母時代就有的家族傳統，在她們的奈及利亞小村莊裡一直延續著。
churchgoing — regularly attending church
Nkechi's family has a tradition of theatregoing and sees every new play in town.
Nkechi 的家族有長久的上戲院傳統，城裡每一齣新戲他們都會去看。
Regular beachgoing helps many people in coastal towns stay active and social.
定期去海邊有助於沿海城鎮的居民保持活躍和社交生活。
Cinemagoing became popular in the 1930s when ticket prices dropped across the country.
一九三○年代電影票價全面調降後，上電影院看電影變得十分普及。
- attendance
more formal; 'going' as a suffix is more neutral and everyday
文法句型
[place/activity] + going
用法筆記
The -going suffix attaches to a noun naming a place to form a compound: 'churchgoing', 'theatregoing', 'beachgoing', 'schoolgoing'. The resulting noun refers to the habit or practice of attending that place. Not productive for all places — 'cinema-going' is common but 'park-going' is not.