gilbert
gilbert — 名詞
1. A unit in the older CGS system of measurement that tells how strong a magnetic f
吉伯
CGS制磁動勢單位，約0.8安匝
A unit in the older CGS system of measurement that tells how strong a magnetic field is produced by an electric current. One gilbert equals about 0.8 times the force produced by one ampere flowing through one turn of wire in the modern SI system.
Professor Chen asked the class to calculate the magnetic force in gilberts.
陳教授要求全班以吉伯為單位計算磁力。
measured in gilberts — unit-of-measurement pattern
The old physics textbook still used gilberts instead of the modern ampere-turn.
那本舊物理教科書仍使用吉伯，而非現代的安匝。
number + gilberts — countable unit noun
Ziád converted the measurement from gilberts to SI units for his lab report.
Ziád 在實驗報告中將測量值從吉伯換算為標準國際單位。
Ari looked up the old magnet's strength in gilberts before ordering a replacement coil.
Ari 查閱了舊磁鐵的吉伯數值後，才訂購替換的線圈。
Rin noticed that the magnet's strength was listed in gilberts on the old equipment.
Rin 注意到那台舊設備上標示的磁力是以吉伯為單位。
- ampere-turn
the modern SI unit that has replaced the gilbert in most contexts; 1 gilbert ≈ 0.8 At
文法句型
number + gilberts
measured in gilberts
用法筆記
Now largely historical; modern physics and engineering use the SI unit ampere-turn (At) instead. The unit is named after the English scientist William Gilbert.
常見錯誤
2. A city in the southwestern United States, located near Phoenix in the state of A
吉爾伯特
美國亞利桑那州鳳凰城附近城市
A city in the southwestern United States, located near Phoenix in the state of Arizona. It began as a small farming community and has grown into one of the fastest-growing suburbs in the country.
Tendai moved to Gilbert, Arizona, for a job at a new technology company.
Tendai 搬到亞利桑那州的吉爾伯特，在一家新科技公司工作。
move to Gilbert, Arizona — place-name pattern
The high school in Gilbert won the state baseball championship last year.
吉爾伯特的那所高中去年贏得了州棒球冠軍。
in Gilbert — preposition pattern for location
Chiara's family visited Gilbert during their summer trip across the Southwest.
Chiara 一家在暑假橫跨美國西南部時，順道拜訪了吉爾伯特。
Gilbert grew from a small farm town into a busy suburb of 200,000 people.
吉爾伯特從一個小型農業城鎮發展成擁有超過二十萬居民的繁忙郊區城市。
The public library in Gilbert offers free English classes for new residents.
吉爾伯特的公共圖書館為新居民提供免費英語課程。
文法句型
in Gilbert
Gilbert, Arizona
用法筆記
Always capitalised as a proper place name. In address format, include the state: 'Gilbert, AZ'.
3. Cass Gilbert (1859–1934), an American architect famous for designing large publi
建築師
美國建築師，設計最高法院大樓
Cass Gilbert (1859–1934), an American architect famous for designing large public buildings and skyscrapers, including the United States Supreme Court building in Washington, D.C., and the Woolworth Building in New York City.
Felix wrote a school report about Cass Gilbert, the architect of the Woolworth Building.
Felix 寫了一份關於 Cass Gilbert 的學校報告，他是伍爾沃斯大樓的建築師。
Cass Gilbert, the architect of — appositive pattern
The tour guide pointed out several buildings in downtown Saint Paul designed by Cass Gilbert.
導遊指出了聖保羅市中心幾棟由 Cass Gilbert 設計的建築。
designed by Cass Gilbert — passive pattern
Cass Gilbert's design for the Supreme Court building uses classical columns and white marble.
Cass Gilbert 設計的最高法院大樓採用了古典柱式和白色大理石。
An exhibit explained how Cass Gilbert shaped American cities in the early 1900s.
一場美術館展覽說明了 Cass Gilbert 如何塑造了二十世紀初美國城市的面貌。
Students in the architecture class studied photographs of Cass Gilbert's most famous skyscrapers.
建築課的學生研讀了 Cass Gilbert 最著名摩天大樓的照片。
文法句型
designed by Cass Gilbert
Cass Gilbert + building name
用法筆記
Use the full name 'Cass Gilbert' on first mention in a text; 'Gilbert' alone may be used afterward if the context is clear.
4. Sir Humphrey Gilbert (c. 1539–1583), an English explorer and soldier during the
航海家
英國探險家，為英格蘭佔領紐芬蘭
Sir Humphrey Gilbert (c. 1539–1583), an English explorer and soldier during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. He claimed the island of Newfoundland for England and died at sea while trying to return from North America.
Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed Newfoundland for England in the year 1583.
Sir Humphrey Gilbert 在 1583 年為英格蘭佔領了紐芬蘭。
Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed — historical action pattern
Eli learned about Sir Humphrey Gilbert's voyage across the Atlantic Ocean for a history exam.
Eli 為了歷史考試，研讀了 Sir Humphrey Gilbert 橫越大西洋的航行資料。
The history book described Humphrey Gilbert's failed attempt to find a Northwest Passage to Asia.
那本歷史書描述了 Humphrey Gilbert 尋找通往亞洲的西北航線，但以失敗告終。
Scholars still debate whether Sir Humphrey Gilbert could have succeeded with better planning.
學者們仍在討論 Sir Humphrey Gilbert 若規劃更周詳，是否可能成功。
A statue of Sir Humphrey Gilbert stands in the town square in Dartmouth, England.
英格蘭達特茅斯鎮中心廣場上矗立著一座 Sir Humphrey Gilbert 的雕像。
文法句型
Sir Humphrey Gilbert
Humphrey Gilbert + verb (explored, claimed)
用法筆記
Almost always referred to with the title 'Sir' in historical writing. Distinguish from other Gilberts in Elizabethan history by using the full title on first mention.
5. William Gilbert (1544–1603), an English physician and scientist who served Queen
科學家
英國醫師，磁學與電學之父
William Gilbert (1544–1603), an English physician and scientist who served Queen Elizabeth I. He is considered the father of electrical and magnetic science because he wrote the book 'De Magnete' and was the first person to describe the Earth as a giant magnet.
William Gilbert's book 'De Magnete' changed how European scientists understood magnetism.
William Gilbert 的著作《論磁石》改變了歐洲科學家對磁力的理解。
William Gilbert's book — possessive with scientist
Sahil's science teacher mentioned that William Gilbert served as Queen Elizabeth's personal physician.
Sahil 的自然老師提到 William Gilbert 曾擔任伊莉莎白女王的御醫。
Historians consider William Gilbert the first person in England to conduct systematic experiments.
歷史學家認為 William Gilbert 是英格蘭第一位進行系統實驗的人。
William Gilbert showed that the Earth itself behaves like a giant spherical magnet.
William Gilbert 證明了地球本身就像一顆巨大的球形磁鐵。
Élise wrote a short biography of William Gilbert for his science history class.
Élise 為了自然史課程寫了一篇 William Gilbert 的簡短傳記。
文法句型
William Gilbert + verb (showed, wrote, discovered)
用法筆記
Do not confuse with Sir William Schwenck Gilbert (a different person, index 6). The magnetic unit 'gilbert' is named after this William Gilbert.
常見錯誤
6. Sir William Schwenck Gilbert (1836–1911), an English poet and playwright best kn
劇作家
英國詩人，吉爾伯特與沙利文歌劇作詞者
Sir William Schwenck Gilbert (1836–1911), an English poet and playwright best known for writing the words to the comic operas he created with the composer Arthur Sullivan. Their famous works include 'The Pirates of Penzance', 'H.M.S. Pinafore', and 'The Mikado'.
Heloísa's choir class performed a song from Gilbert and Sullivan's 'The Pirates of Penzance.'
Heloísa 的合唱團表演了吉爾伯特與沙利文歌劇《彭贊斯的海盜》中的一首歌曲。
Gilbert and Sullivan's — joint possessive pattern
W. S. Gilbert wrote witty verses that made fun of British society and politics.
W. S. Gilbert 創作了機智諷刺英國社會與政治的歌詞。
The local theatre company put on a Gilbert and Sullivan opera every summer.
當地劇團每年夏天都會上演吉爾伯特與沙利文的歌劇。
Christopher downloaded the lyrics to 'H.M.S. Pinafore' for the school musical tryouts.
Christopher 下載了《皮納福號軍艦》的歌詞，準備參加學校音樂劇的選拔。
Gilbert's work with Arthur Sullivan created popular comic operas still performed today.
Gilbert 與作曲家 Arthur Sullivan 的合作，造就了英國戲劇史上最受歡迎的喜劇歌劇。
文法句型
Gilbert and Sullivan
W. S. Gilbert + operetta title
用法筆記
The partnership is almost always referred to as 'Gilbert and Sullivan' (in that order). His name is often abbreviated as 'W. S. Gilbert' in references. Do not confuse with the scientist William Gilbert (index 5).