globalisation
globalisation — 名詞
1. the process by which economies, businesses, and trade become connected across na
經濟全球化
各國貿易與生產活動日益連結的現象
the process by which economies, businesses, and trade become connected across national borders, so that goods, services, and capital move more freely between countries
Tomás works for a car company that expanded across three continents because of globalisation.
Tomás 在一家汽車公司工作，這家公司因為全球化而擴展到三大洲。
pattern: because of globalisation
Critics of globalisation argue that it often harms small family-run shops in poorer countries.
批評全球化的人認為，它往往會傷害貧窮國家裡的小型家庭商店。
common subject: critics of globalisation + argue that-clause
Globalisation helps coffee farmers in Brazil sell their beans to buyers across Europe.
全球化幫助巴西的咖啡農將咖啡豆賣給歐洲各地的買家。
Selim's small factory now competes with large foreign firms because of globalisation.
Selim 的小工廠現在因為全球化而必須與大型外國公司競爭。
The globalisation of the textile industry moved much of the production from Europe to Asia.
紡織業的全球化將大量生產從歐洲移到了亞洲。
- internationalisation
focuses on companies operating across borders, without the same implication of world-wide integration
- market integration
more technical and narrower in scope, used mainly in economics
- economic integration
emphasises the merging of separate national economies into larger units
- protectionism
the policy of shielding domestic industries from foreign competition, the opposite of free trade
- isolationism
a political retreat from international engagement and alliances
文法句型
globalisation of + [domain/industry]
the globalisation of [noun phrase]
用法筆記
Globalisation is an uncountable noun and is not used in the plural. The spelling varies by region: globalisation (British English) and globalization (American English) refer to the same concept. This sense typically appears with of to specify the domain, e.g. the globalisation of manufacturing / finance / supply chains.
常見錯誤
2. a process in which cultural products, lifestyles, and social values around the w
文化趨同
各國文化、生活方式與價值觀漸趨一致的現象
a process in which cultural products, lifestyles, and social values around the world become increasingly alike, often because of international media, travel, and the spread of multinational brands
Jisoo noticed globalisation when she saw the same fashion shops in Seoul and Paris.
Jisoo 在首爾和巴黎看到相同的時尚品牌時，注意到了全球化的現象。
collocation: noticed globalisation
Some communities fear that globalisation is slowly replacing their traditional festivals with commercial events.
有些社群擔心全球化正慢慢取代他們的傳統節慶，改用商業活動代替。
subject: communities + verb pattern: fear that + clause
Because of globalisation, teens in Tokyo and Buenos Aires enjoy the same films and music.
因為全球化，東京和布宜諾斯艾利斯的青少年喜愛相同的電影和音樂。
Renata enjoys watching TV shows from many different countries, a clear benefit of globalisation.
Renata 喜歡收看來自不同國家的電視節目，這是全球化帶來的一大好處。
Some towns in Japan have opened local museums to protect their traditions from globalisation.
日本有些城鎮開設了地方博物館，以保護傳統文化不受全球化影響。
- cultural homogenisation
more negative in tone, implying loss of diversity
- Americanisation
narrower and more specific — refers specifically to the spread of US culture
- cultural integration
more neutral, can imply a two-way exchange rather than one-sided influence
- cultural preservation
the effort to protect and maintain local traditions and languages
- localisation
adapting products and services to fit a particular local market or culture
文法句型
globalisation of + [cultural domain]
effects / impact of globalisation
用法筆記
This sense differs from sense 1 (WORLD TRADE) by focusing on social and cultural change rather than on economic activity. The two senses often overlap in real-world discussion; a sentence about fast-food chains spreading worldwide can belong to either sense depending on whether the emphasis is on commerce or on cultural habits.