gouge
gouge — 名詞
- gougesingular
- gougesplural
1. a long, narrow channel or hollow cut into a hard surface, such as wood, stone, o
凹槽
硬物表面挖出的溝痕
a long, narrow channel or hollow cut into a hard surface, such as wood, stone, or metal, typically by a sharp tool or by force
Bilal used a chisel to cut a deep gouge into the block of oak for a carving class.
Bilal 用鑿子在橡木塊上刻出一道深深的凹槽，準備進行雕刻課作業。
The falling rock left a wide gouge along the side of the old stone wall.
掉落的岩石在舊石牆側面留下一道很寬的凹槽。
collocation: leave a gouge in [surface]
A large gouge on the floorboards showed where the heavy cabinet had been dragged across the room.
地板上一道長長的凹槽顯示出沉重的櫃子曾被拖過客廳。
The carpenter filled the small gouge in the tabletop with wood putty before sanding it smooth.
木匠用木頭補土填平桌面上的小凹槽，然後將它磨平。
用法筆記
Often used with prepositions such as 'in' or 'into' to specify the surface that has been damaged.
常見錯誤
2. a carving tool whose curved, scoop-shaped blade cuts rounded grooves into hard m
圓鑿
挖溝槽用的曲刃工具
a carving tool whose curved, scoop-shaped blade cuts rounded grooves into hard materials, such as wood, stone, or bone, and is also used in some surgical operations
The woodcarver dipped the gouge into a pot of oil before cutting into the walnut panel.
木雕師傅將圓鑿浸入油壺中，然後才開始切削胡桃木板。
An experienced surgeon uses a fine gouge to remove small pieces of bone during a delicate operation.
經驗豐富的外科醫生會使用精細的圓鑿，在精密手術中移除小塊骨頭。
domain: surgery
In art class, Nia used a medium-sized gouge to carve her name into a soft pine board.
在美術課上，Nia 拿起一把中號圓鑿，開始在鬆木板上雕刻自己的名字。
The stone carver's gouge had a handle worn smooth by years of gripping it tightly while he worked.
石雕師傅的圓鑿握柄已被多年緊握磨得光滑。
- chisel
a broader category of cutting tools; a gouge is a specific type of chisel with a curved blade
用法筆記
When referring to the surgical instrument, the term is typically preceded by an adjective such as 'bone gouge' or 'corneal gouge'.
gouge — 動詞
- gougepresent simple I / you / we / they
- gougeshe / she / it
- gougedpast simple
- gouging-ing form
1. to cut roughly into a hard surface using a sharp tool, making a hole, groove, or
挖鑿；挖掘
用尖銳物挖出凹痕
to cut roughly into a hard surface using a sharp tool, making a hole, groove, or deep scratch
Andrés accidentally gouged the new kitchen table with the corner of a metal toolbox.
Andrés 不小心用金屬工具箱的角在新餐桌上挖出一道刮痕。
The movers gouged the wooden floor when they pushed the piano across the living room.
搬家工人把鋼琴推過客廳時，在木地板上挖出了刮痕。
passive: be gouged [by agent]
Felix used a sharp stone to gouge a straight line down the centre of the bamboo stick.
Felix 用一塊尖石在竹棍中央挖出一條直線。
The cat's claws gouged deep scratches into the leather armchair while the family was on holiday.
貓咪的爪子在全家外出度假時，在皮革扶手椅上挖出深深的抓痕。
Tamar gouged a small hole in the plaster wall with a screwdriver to hang a picture frame.
Tamar 用螺絲起子在石膏牆上挖出一個小洞來掛相框。
文法句型
gouge + noun (object surface)
gouge + adverb of manner
用法筆記
The object surface is often hard: wood, metal, stone, bone, plaster. Frequently used with 'into' or 'out of' to describe the direction of the cut.
常見錯誤
2. to demand an unreasonably high payment for a product or service, often by taking
敲詐；哄抬
趁機抬高價格欺騙
to demand an unreasonably high payment for a product or service, often by taking advantage of a shortage or emergency situation
Some hotels in the tourist district gouged their guests by charging double the normal price during the festival.
觀光區的一些旅館在節日期間哄抬房客價格，收取比平常高出一倍的費用。
pattern: gouge + person + by + [method]
The landlord was accused of gouging tenants by raising rent by forty percent without making any repairs.
房東被指控敲詐房客，租金調漲四成卻未進行任何修繕。
collocation: accused of gouging
After the hurricane, the state passed a law to stop stores from gouging customers on bottled water and batteries.
颶風過後，該州通過一項法律，禁止商店在瓶裝水和電池上哄抬顧客價格。
The taxi driver tried to gouge Yumi for the airport ride, demanding triple the usual fare.
計程車司機企圖敲詐 Yumi，前往機場的車資竟索要平時的三倍。
- overcharge
neutral term for charging too much; gouging strongly implies dishonesty and exploitation of a crisis
- rip off
informal, similar strength; 'rip off' can apply to any overpricing, while 'gouge' often suggests a scarcity situation
- undercharge
the opposite of overcharging; implies charging less than the fair price
文法句型
gouge + person or organisation for + amount of money
用法筆記
Most commonly used in the phrase 'price gouging'. The verb is often followed by a person or organisation as the direct object, optionally followed by 'for' to state the inflated price.
常見錯誤
3. to force a thumb or fingers into someone's eye socket, or to push an eyeball out
挖眼；戳眼
用拇指壓出或戳入眼球
to force a thumb or fingers into someone's eye socket, or to push an eyeball out of its socket with the thumb — a violent act that can happen during a fight
In self-defence class, the instructor showed the students how to block an attacker who tries to gouge their eyes.
在防身術課堂上，教練向學員示範如何擋開試圖挖眼的攻擊者。
pattern: gouge + possessive + eye
The victim told the jury that the man had tried to gouge his eyes out during the street robbery.
受害者在法庭上告訴陪審團，那名男子在街頭搶劫時曾試圖挖出他的眼睛。
Police warned the public about a mugger known to gouge victims in the eye when they resisted.
警方警告民眾注意一名搶匪，據稱該搶匪會在受害者反抗時戳他們的眼睛。
Sana read an article about ancient warriors who would gouge out the eyes of their enemies after battle.
Sana 讀到一篇關於古代戰士的文章，他們會在戰後挖出敵人的眼睛。
- poke out
less violent and less specific about using the thumb; 'gouge' implies a twisting or pressing motion
文法句型
gouge + person's eye
gouge out + eye
gouge + person + in the eye
用法筆記
This sense describes an extremely violent act and is most commonly encountered in news reports of assault, self-defence instructions, or historical accounts of combat. The phrasal form 'gouge out' is more frequent than bare 'gouge'.