grudge
grudge — 名詞
1. a persistent bitterness toward someone whom you believe has wronged or treated y
怨恨
因受委屈而長期懷有的憤怒
a persistent bitterness toward someone whom you believe has wronged or treated you unfairly, often lasting long after the original event
Meera still bears a grudge against Caleb for lying about their shared business loan.
Meera 依然對 Caleb 心懷怨恨，因為他在兩人合夥的貸款上說了謊。
bear a grudge against [someone] + for [reason]
Sade held a grudge against her neighbour for years after the property line dispute.
Sade 多年來一直對鄰居心懷怨恨，因為雙方曾為地界起爭執。
Mizuki says that holding a grudge only hurts the person who carries it.
Mizuki 認為心懷怨恨只會傷害那個緊抓不放的人。
Esteban nursed a grudge against his former boss for passing him over for promotion.
Esteban 對前老闆懷恨在心，因為對方沒給他升遷的機會。
- resentment
broader and less idiomatic; can be felt without a specific past event
- animosity
stronger and more active, often involving open hostility
- spite
implies a small-minded desire to hurt the other person
- forgiveness
the act of letting go of resentment
- goodwill
a positive, generous attitude toward others
文法句型
bear/hold a grudge (against someone)
nurse a grudge
用法筆記
Typically used in the fixed expressions 'bear a grudge' or 'hold a grudge.' The preposition 'against' introduces the person toward whom the grudge is directed.
常見錯誤
grudge — 動詞
1. to give or allow something only with great reluctance, especially when it involv
勉強給
不情願地花費或給予
to give or allow something only with great reluctance, especially when it involves spending time, money, or a resource you would rather keep for yourself
Sivan grudged every extra minute she spent on the paperwork for her landlord.
Sivan 連多花一分鐘幫房東填文件都很不情願。
grudge + noun phrase (time)
Dario grudged paying the full fee for a gym membership he barely used.
Dario 很不情願支付那筆幾乎沒用的健身房會費。
grudge + gerund phrase
Folake did not grudge the money she gave toward her younger brother's education.
Folake 對於資助弟弟唸書的費用並不吝嗇。
Caleb grudged his roommate even a small share of the snacks he had bought.
Caleb 連一點零食都捨不得分給室友。
- willingly give
to offer freely without reluctance
文法句型
grudge + noun phrase
grudge + gerund phrase
grudge + someone + something
用法筆記
Frequently appears in negative constructions ('did not grudge') to emphasise that the speaker gave something willingly. The double-object pattern ('grudge someone something') is informal but natural in British English.
常見錯誤
2. to regard another person's good luck, praise, or advantages as undeserved, often
眼紅
認為別人不配擁有好事
to regard another person's good luck, praise, or advantages as undeserved, often because you feel you are more entitled to them
Jack grudged his colleague the promotion even though she had clearly earned it.
Jack 對同事升職眼紅，雖然對方完全是憑實力得到的。
grudge + someone + something (resenting someone's success)
Layla did not grudge her teammate the victory after such a close and fair match.
Layla 並不嫉妒隊友贏得比賽，因為那場比賽很公平而且雙方實力相當。
Christopher grudged his older sister any attention from their parents after she won the scholarship.
Christopher 因為姊姊拿到獎學金而眼紅，不想讓爸媽多關注她。
Élise said she never grudges another writer their success because every book finds its own readers.
Élise 說她從不眼紅其他作家的成就，因為每本書都會遇到屬於自己的讀者。
文法句型
grudge + someone + something
用法筆記
Always uses the double-object structure: 'grudge someone something.' Distinguish from sense 1, which focuses on the speaker's unwillingness to give, whereas sense 2 focuses on the speaker's negative judgment of the receiver's worthiness. Usually appears in negative or concessive sentences ('I don't grudge him…').