hardwood
hardwood — 名詞
1. a type of strong, heavy wood that comes from trees with broad leaves — such as o
硬木
闊葉樹產生的堅硬木材
a type of strong, heavy wood that comes from trees with broad leaves — such as oak, maple, or walnut — and is widely used for making furniture, flooring, and other items that need to last a long time
Yumi chose hardwood for the dining table because it lasts for decades.
Yumi 選擇用硬木做餐桌，因為它能用幾十年都不壞。
uncountable noun: material form, takes singular verb
The carpenter explained that oak and maple are two common types of hardwood.
木工師傅解釋說，橡木和楓木是兩種常見的硬木。
countable: 'types of hardwood' for categorization
Unlike softwood from pine trees, hardwood takes longer to grow and costs more.
和松木這類軟木不同，硬木長得慢，價格也更高。
Quan's new kitchen cabinets were made from a beautiful dark hardwood.
Quan 的新廚房櫥櫃是用漂亮的深色硬木做成的。
Tropical forests around the world contain hundreds of different hardwood species.
世界各地的熱帶森林含有數百種不同的硬木樹種。
- broadleaf wood
a less common, more technical term emphasizing the tree type rather than the wood's density
- dense wood
focuses on the physical property rather than the botanical origin; less precise
- softwood
wood from coniferous trees (needle-leaf trees like pine or fir); generally lighter, faster-growing, and less dense
文法句型
hardwood + verb (as material, uncountable)
a hardwood / hardwoods (as tree types, countable)
用法筆記
Uncountable when referring to the material in general ('Hardwood is expensive'). Countable when referring to a specific tree species or type ('a tropical hardwood', 'many hardwoods').
常見錯誤
2. the playing surface of a basketball court or bowling lane, made from polished ha
木質球場
硬木製的運動比賽場地
the playing surface of a basketball court or bowling lane, made from polished hardwood boards that provide a smooth and durable area for the game
Yael stole the ball and sprinted down the hardwood for an easy layup.
Yael 抄到球後飛快地跑過木質球場，輕鬆上籃得分。
metonymy: 'the hardwood' stands for the basketball court
The hardwood at Madison Square Garden has seen countless legendary games.
麥迪遜廣場花園的木質球場見證過無數場傳奇比賽。
Justin had never played on a polished hardwood surface before the championship.
Justin 在冠軍賽之前，從未在拋光過的硬木球場上打過球。
The old gym's hardwood was refinished every summer to keep it in good condition.
舊體育館的木質球場每年夏天都會重新打磨上漆，以保持良好狀態。
- basketball court
the direct term for the whole playing area; 'hardwood' is a more poetic, informal alternative
- wooden floor
general term for any floor made of wood; less specific to sports contexts
文法句型
the + hardwood (as basketball court or bowling lane)
用法筆記
Used almost exclusively in American English sports contexts. 'The hardwood' is a common metonymic expression for the basketball court itself. Not generally used for other types of wooden floors outside sports.
常見錯誤
hardwood — 形容詞
1. made from the strong, heavy wood of broad-leaf trees; typically used to describe
硬木製的
用硬木材料製成的
made from the strong, heavy wood of broad-leaf trees; typically used to describe high-quality furniture, flooring, or building materials that are intended to be durable
The family bought a hardwood dining set that matched their kitchen cabinets.
這家人買了一套硬木餐桌椅，和廚房的櫥櫃很搭配。
attributive: 'hardwood' before noun 'dining set'
Gita's apartment had beautiful hardwood floors throughout the living area.
Gita 的公寓在整個客廳區域都鋪了漂亮的硬木地板。
common collocation: 'hardwood floors'
Builders recommend hardwood doors for their strength and long life.
建築業者推薦使用硬木門，因為它們堅固又耐用。
The old school's hallways still had the original hardwood panels from 1950.
那所老學校的走廊還保留著 1950 年原裝的硬木護牆板。
- solid-wood
can include any wood type, not specifically broad-leaf hardwood; often used to distinguish from veneer or engineered wood
- wooden
much broader, refers to any wood; does not carry the meaning of high density or durability
- softwood
adjective form meaning made from coniferous wood, typically lighter and less durable
文法句型
hardwood + noun (e.g. hardwood floor, hardwood furniture)
用法筆記
This is an attributive-only adjective — it must come directly before the noun it modifies. You cannot say 'The floor is hardwood' (that uses the noun form, not the adjective). Compare: 'a hardwood floor' (adj) vs 'the floor is made of hardwood' (noun).
常見錯誤
2. referring to the mature, dense tissue of a tree stem or branch that provides str
木質部的
植物成熟木質組織的
referring to the mature, dense tissue of a tree stem or branch that provides structural support, as distinct from softer new growth or bark
In spring the gardener pruned only the young shoots, leaving the hardwood branches intact.
春天時，園丁只修剪了新生的嫩枝，保留木質部的樹枝。
contrast: young shoots vs hardwood branches
The botanist examined the hardwood stems to study how the tree stores nutrients.
植物學家檢查了樹木的木質部莖幹，以研究樹木如何儲存養分。
technical register: botanical context
A tree's hardwood core provides the strength needed to support its full weight.
樹木的木質部核心提供了支撐其全部重量所需的強度。
Élise noticed that only the hardwood sections of the branch could hold the heavy fruit.
Élise 發現只有樹枝木質部的部分才能撐得住沈重的水果。
- lignified tissue
the precise scientific term for wood-forming tissue that has undergone lignification; more technical
- mature wood
a less formal botanical term focusing on the age and development stage of the tissue
- sapwood
the younger, softer outer layer of a tree trunk that transports water and nutrients
- new growth
the soft, green shoots and twigs produced in the current growing season
文法句型
hardwood + noun (botanical context: hardwood stem, hardwood branch)
用法筆記
This botanical sense is mainly used in biology, forestry, or horticulture contexts. It describes the internal woody structure of a plant, not the commercial product. Distinguish from sense 1 (MADE OF HARDWOOD), which describes items built from harvested hardwood lumber.