immune

immune — 形容詞

1. having protection inside your body against a specific illness, so that germs or

1.形容詞B2
釋義

免疫的

身體對特定疾病有抵抗力

having protection inside your body against a specific illness, so that germs or viruses cannot successfully attack you and make you sick

例句

After having chickenpox as a child, 小明 became immune to the disease permanently.

小明小時候得過水痘後，就永久對這種疾病免疫了。

be immune to + specific disease

小美 received a vaccine that made her immune to the flu last winter.

小美去年冬天接種了疫苗，讓她對流感產生了免疫力。

vaccine + make + person + immune to

同義詞
  • resistant

    broader term — includes non-biological resistance (e.g. resistant to change)

  • protected

    focuses on the external action that gives safety, not the body's internal defence

  • invulnerable

    stronger and more formal; suggests complete and permanent immunity

反義詞
  • susceptible

    the direct opposite — lacking protection and likely to catch the disease

  • vulnerable

    weaker protection or no defence at all

文法句型

be immune to [disease]

become immune to [disease]

make + object + immune to [disease]

用法筆記

Common in medical and health discussions. The related noun 'immunity' appears in phrases such as 'build up immunity' and 'herd immunity.' This sense is almost always followed by 'to' rather than 'from.'

常見錯誤

❌I am immune to get the flu again.
✅I am immune to the flu.
💡'immune' is an adjective, so it cannot be followed directly by a verb; use a noun phrase instead.
❌After the vaccine, I immune to the disease.
✅After the vaccine, I am immune to the disease.
💡'immune' is an adjective and requires a form of 'be' to function as the predicate.

2. not disturbed or influenced by something that would normally upset or affect mos

2.形容詞B2
釋義

不受影響的

不被某種行為或情緒影響

not disturbed or influenced by something that would normally upset or affect most people — such as criticism, insults, pressure, or emotional appeals

例句

After years of public speaking, 阿傑 became immune to the audience's critical comments.

經過多年的公開演講經驗，阿傑已經對聽眾的批評無動於衷。

become immune to + criticism

小華 seemed immune to the sadness that affected everyone else after the news.

小華似乎不受那則消息帶來的悲傷所影響，而其他人都很難過。

同義詞
  • unaffected

    neutral and factual; less figurative than 'immune'

  • impervious

    more formal and emphatic; suggests total impenetrability

  • hardened

    implies that repeated experience made the person numb (often negative)

反義詞
  • sensitive

    easily affected or upset by the same type of behaviour or emotion

  • vulnerable

    open to emotional harm or influence

文法句型

be immune to [behaviour/emotion]

become immune to [behaviour/emotion]

seem immune to [behaviour/emotion]

用法筆記

Often describes someone who has become desensitised through repeated exposure. Frequently used with 'to' followed by abstract nouns such as criticism, pressure, flattery, insults, or emotional appeals.

常見錯誤

❌She is immune for criticism.
✅She is immune to criticism.
💡The correct preposition for this sense is 'to', not 'for.'
❌He seems immune from the pressure at work.
✅He seems immune to the pressure at work.
💡Use 'immune to' for emotional/behavioural resistance; 'immune from' belongs to the legal/exemption sense.

3. specially protected so that the usual rules, punishments, legal actions, or nega

3.形容詞C1
釋義

豁免的

不受懲罰或法律追究

specially protected so that the usual rules, punishments, legal actions, or negative consequences that apply to other people do not apply to you

例句

Diplomats are immune from prosecution in the country where they serve.

外交官在派駐國享有刑事起訴豁免權。

be immune from + prosecution (legal exemption)

大明 believed his wealth made him immune to the strict rules of the school.

大明以為自己很有錢，學校的嚴格規定管不到他。

同義詞
  • exempt

    the closest synonym — specifically means excused from a rule or obligation

  • protected

    broader; can include physical safety, not just legal exemption

  • immune from

    the full phrasal form used in legal writing to distinguish it from sense 1

反義詞
  • subject to

    opposite — must obey the rules or face the consequences

  • liable

    legally responsible and therefore not exempt from punishment

文法句型

be immune from [punishment]

be immune from [prosecution]

be immune from [consequences]

用法筆記

Typically used in legal, political, or institutional contexts. The preposition 'from' is preferred for this sense, though informal usage sometimes uses 'to.' Frequently appears in constructions such as 'immune from prosecution' and 'immune from liability.'

常見錯誤

❌Witnesses were given immunity to prosecution.
✅Witnesses were given immunity from prosecution.
💡The noun 'immunity' follows the same preposition pattern as the adjective: 'from' for legal exemption.
❌The company was immune to being sued.
✅The company was immune from lawsuits.
💡Use a noun phrase rather than a gerund after the preposition, and prefer 'from' for this sense.