immunisation
immunisation — 名詞
1. a medical procedure that protects a person or an animal from a particular infect
免疫接種
注射疫苗使身體產生抗體
a medical procedure that protects a person or an animal from a particular infectious disease, usually by putting a vaccine into the body so that it produces antibodies that fight the disease
Before her trip to West Africa, Imani got a yellow fever immunisation at the clinic.
去西非之前，Imani 在診所接種了黃熱病疫苗。
immunisation against [disease]: yellow fever immunisation
The school nurse checked each child's immunisation record before the start of term.
護士在學期開始前檢查了每個孩子的疫苗接種記錄。
collocation: immunisation record
Parents brought their babies to the health centre for free immunisation against measles.
家長帶嬰兒到衛生中心免費接種麻疹疫苗。
A full course of immunisation requires three separate doses given several weeks apart.
完整免疫接種需要分三次注射，每次間隔數週。
After the outbreak, the government launched a nationwide immunisation programme for all school-aged children.
疫情爆發後，政府為所有學齡兒童推出了全國疫苗接種計劃。
- vaccination
more specific — refers to receiving a vaccine, whereas immunisation also covers the body's immune response
- inoculation
more formal or technical; often used historically for the smallpox vaccine
文法句型
immunisation against [disease]
immunisation programme / campaign / schedule
用法筆記
In British English this word is spelled with an 's' (immunisation), while in American English it is spelled with a 'z' (immunization). The verb 'immunise' follows the same pattern. This sense is the primary meaning; for legal or metaphorical protection, the word 'immunity' is more common.
常見錯誤
2. official protection from being affected by a law, a legal duty, or an unwanted s
豁免
免除法律責任或義務
official protection from being affected by a law, a legal duty, or an unwanted situation, especially in a formal context
The charity claimed immunisation from local business rates because of its non-profit status.
該慈善機構因其非營利性質而聲明免繳地方營業稅。
A contract clause granted the builder immunisation against liability for weather-related delays.
合約中有一條款免除承包商因天氣延誤的賠償責任。
formal register: immunisation from / against [obligation]
UN peacekeepers were granted immunisation from local prosecution for actions taken during the mission.
聯合國維和人員在執行任務期間享有當地刑事起訴豁免權。
The law grants doctors immunisation from prosecution for reporting a patient's drug use to the police.
法律允許醫生向警方通報病患用藥情況時免於被起訴。
文法句型
immunisation from [obligation / liability]
用法筆記
This sense is much rarer than the medical sense. In most legal contexts the word 'immunity' is preferred over 'immunisation'.