inversion
inversion — 名詞
1. a situation where the normal arrangement of something is completely turned aroun
逆轉；顛倒
位置、順序或關係的完全反轉
a situation where the normal arrangement of something is completely turned around, so that it becomes the reverse of what is usual or expected.
The film is a clever inversion where the villain becomes the hero instead.
這部電影巧妙逆轉了經典的英雄故事，讓反派成了主角。
inversion of + noun phrase
When the company was bought out, a strange inversion of power put the junior staff in charge.
公司被收購後，權力發生了奇特的逆轉，資淺員工開始做主。
In some festivals, an inversion of social roles has servants acting as masters.
在某些文化中，節日期間會出現社會角色的顛倒，僕人扮演主人的角色。
Élise noticed an inversion in the data, with sales rising when they normally fell.
Élise 注意到數據模式出現逆轉，冬季原本該下跌的銷售額反而上升了。
The artist painted an inversion of the famous scene, with the sky and ground swapped.
那位藝術家將天空與地面完全互換，對這幅名畫進行了顛倒式的再創作。
- reversal
the closest general synonym; 'inversion' emphasises an upside-down or inside-out quality more than 'reversal' does
- turnaround
more informal and focused on a change in results or direction rather than position
- maintenance
keeping things the same rather than reversing them
文法句型
inversion of + noun
用法筆記
Frequently appears in the pattern 'inversion of + noun phrase' to describe what is being reversed. Often used in academic or formal writing.
常見錯誤
2. a medical problem where a body part such as the uterus or bladder gets pushed or
內翻
器官朝內翻轉的異常情況
a medical problem where a body part such as the uterus or bladder gets pushed or pulled so that its inner layer faces outward, or is turned inward from its normal position.
Uterine inversion is a rare but serious complication that can occur after childbirth.
子宮內翻是產後可能發生的一種罕見但嚴重的併發症。
specific medical condition: uterine inversion
The surgeon corrected a bladder inversion by gently pushing the organ back into place.
外科醫師小心地將膀胱內翻的部位輕輕推回正常位置。
A nurse noticed the baby had a foot inversion, with the sole turning inward instead of down.
托兒所的工作人員注意到嬰兒的足部內翻，腳掌朝內而非朝下。
Dr. Okonkwo explained that an untreated nasal inversion could lead to breathing difficulties over time.
Okonkwo 醫師解釋說，未經治療的鼻內翻可能隨著時間導致呼吸困難。
- inturning
a more descriptive general term, but less common in medical writing than 'inversion'
- eversion
turning outward — the direct medical opposite of inversion
文法句型
inversion of + body part
用法筆記
In medical contexts, 'inversion' is often used with a specific organ name preceding it (e.g. 'uterine inversion', 'bladder inversion'). The opposite medical term is 'eversion', where an organ turns outward.
常見錯誤
3. in music, a way of rearranging a chord or interval where the notes are placed in
轉位
改變音符或和弦的排列位置
in music, a way of rearranging a chord or interval where the notes are placed in a different order, so that what was the lowest note is moved higher or into another octave.
The pianist used a first inversion of C major, with E at the bottom instead of C.
那位鋼琴家使用了 C 大三和弦的第一轉位，將 E 而非 C 置於最低音。
specific type: first inversion (describing which note is lowest)
Sivan learned that inverting a perfect fifth creates a perfect fourth, a key idea in harmony class.
Sivan 學到，純五度的轉位會形成純四度，這在和聲課上是一個很實用的技巧。
Changing to a second inversion helped the choir move smoothly between the two sections.
轉為第二轉位後，合唱團在兩個樂段之間實現了更平順的過渡。
The composer wrote an unusual inversion of the melody, where upward jumps became downward falls.
作曲家創作了旋律的不尋常轉位，原本上揚的跳進變成了下降的跳進。
- root position
the normal arrangement of a chord with the root as the lowest note
文法句型
inversion of + noun (chord, interval)
用法筆記
Commonly classified as 'first inversion' (third of the chord in the bass), 'second inversion' (fifth in the bass), and root position. These terms apply mostly to triads and seventh chords in Western tonal music.
4. a sentence structure in which the usual order of words, especially the subject a
倒裝
句子中主謂語順序的顛倒
a sentence structure in which the usual order of words, especially the subject and verb, is changed, often to form a question or to give emphasis to a particular part of the sentence.
English questions use inversion of the subject and verb, like 'Can she swim?' rather than 'She can swim.'
英文的問句需要主詞與助動詞倒裝，例如 'Can she swim？' 而非 'She can swim.'。
standard interrogative inversion: auxiliary verb + subject
Rarely had Aiko felt as nervous as she did when her interview began.
Aiko 很少像面試開始時那樣緊張。
inversion after 'rarely': rarely + auxiliary + subject
The poem uses inverted word order to create a dramatic, old-fashioned feel.
這首詩透過顛倒正常詞序來營造更富戲劇性且古風的效果。
Talia's essay showed that inversion in conditionals can replace 'if' in formal writing.
Talia 的論文說明，在條件句中使用倒裝可以在正式寫作中取代 'if' 這個詞。
'Not until much later did the truth come out' is a classic case of grammatical inversion.
直到很久以後真相才浮出水面，這個句型就是文法倒裝的經典例子。
- subject-verb inversion
the full technical term for this specific grammatical structure
- normal word order
the standard subject-verb-object arrangement in a statement
文法句型
inversion of + noun (subject, verb)
用法筆記
Inversion is common in several specific contexts: questions, after negative adverbials ('never', 'rarely', 'not only'), in conditional clauses without 'if', and after certain place expressions ('Here comes the bus').
常見錯誤
5. a weather condition in which a layer of cool air near the ground is trapped by w
逆溫
上層空氣較暖，阻礙污染物擴散的現象
a weather condition in which a layer of cool air near the ground is trapped by warmer air above it, stopping the normal upward movement of air and causing pollution to build up near the surface.
The city's air quality worsened during the winter inversion because smoke had nowhere to go.
冬季逆溫期間，城市的空氣品質急劇惡化，因為煙霧和廢氣無處消散。
cause-and-effect: inversion traps pollution
A strong inversion over Los Angeles kept the smog close to the ground for three days.
洛杉磯上空的強烈逆溫使煙霧連續三天滯留在地面附近。
Meteorologists predicted an inversion layer that would trap cold air in the valley until the wind arrived.
氣象學家預測會出現逆溫層，將冷空氣困在山谷中，直到風來為止。
The inversion broke when a storm pushed through, letting the polluted air rise and clear.
逆溫終於在暴風系統經過時被打破，受污染的空氣得以上升並擴散。
Farmers worry about spring frosts caused by radiation inversions that freeze the ground on clear, still nights.
農民擔心輻射逆溫在晴朗無風的夜晚造成地表結霜，損害春季作物。
- temperature inversion
the full technical term, used interchangeably with 'inversion' in weather contexts
- thermal inversion
another common synonym, especially in scientific writing
- normal lapse rate
the usual pattern of decreasing temperature with increasing height in the atmosphere
文法句型
temperature inversion / inversion layer
用法筆記
Often referred to simply as 'an inversion' in weather reports when the context is clear. A 'radiation inversion' forms on clear nights when the ground cools quickly, while a 'subsidence inversion' forms when a high-pressure system causes air to sink and warm up.