namely
namely — 副詞
1. a word that signals a more precise or detailed statement is coming, used to name
亦即
更具體說明前述內容
a word that signals a more precise or detailed statement is coming, used to name or list exactly what was referred to in a general way just before it
The syllabus listed three key texts, namely works by Smith, Brown, and Chen.
課程大綱列出了三篇重要文章，亦即 Smith、Brown 與 Chen 的作品。
namely [proper noun list]: naming examples after a general category
Yara handled several critical project areas, namely budget, timelines, and client communication.
Yara 負責專案中的幾個關鍵領域，亦即預算、時程，以及客戶溝通。
namely [noun phrase list]: specifying areas of responsibility
The Nakatani family visited two museums in Kyoto, namely the National Museum and Ryoanji Temple.
Nakatani 一家在京都參觀了兩間博物館，也就是國立博物館與龍安寺。
The scholarship requires two documents, namely a personal statement and a teacher's recommendation.
獎學金申請需要兩份文件，亦即一份自傳以及一封老師的推薦函。
- i.e.
more common in academic and technical writing; introduces a restatement or explanation rather than a full list
- that is
more neutral and common in speech; can introduce either a list or a rephrasing
- specifically
emphasises narrowing a category to one instance rather than enumerating all items
文法句型
namely + [noun phrase / list]
用法筆記
Common in both formal and informal writing. In speech, 'that is' or 'i.e.' is more frequent. The word is always followed immediately by the clarifying item — never at the end of a sentence.