nationalist
nationalist — 名詞
1. a person who actively supports their nation's right to become a separate, self-g
獨立派
支持國家爭取政治獨立的人
a person who actively supports their nation's right to become a separate, self-governing country, especially when that nation is currently part of a larger state or empire.
Sari joined the protest alongside other nationalists calling for a free state.
Sari 和其他呼籲建立自由國家的獨立派人士一起參加了抗議遊行。
calling for + free state (independence collocation)
During the 1960s, nationalist movements across Africa fought for self-rule.
一九六〇年代，非洲各地的獨立運動都在爭取自治。
nationalist movements (collective noun in historical context)
The colonial officers arrested several nationalists for distributing banned pamphlets.
殖民官員逮捕了幾名散發遭禁傳單的獨立派人士。
Maeve's grandfather was a well-known nationalist who helped design the new constitution.
Maeve 的祖父是位知名的獨立派人士，曾協助起草新憲法。
Christopher wrote a book about nationalists who rebuilt the country after the war.
Christopher 寫了一本關於戰後重建國家的獨立派人士的書。
- separatist
narrower — specifically wants to break away from an existing state, not just achieve independence
- independence campaigner
more neutral and descriptive; less ideological
- freedom fighter
emotive term, often used by supporters of the cause
- self-determination advocate
broader; may apply to any group seeking autonomy, not just a nation
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 2: this sense focuses on the goal of political independence and self-determination, not on belief in national superiority. Subject is typically a person or group acting in a political context.
常見錯誤
2. a person who holds a strong, often unquestioning belief that their own country,
國族至上者
堅信自己國家優於其他國家的人
a person who holds a strong, often unquestioning belief that their own country, culture, and way of life are superior to all others.
Critics described the politician as a nationalist who looks down on foreign cultures.
評論者形容這位政治人物是瞧不起外國文化的國族至上者。
looks down on (collocation with dismissive attitude)
Ilan's uncle is an ardent nationalist who believes their cuisine is the finest.
Ilan 的叔叔是位狂熱的國族至上者，認為自己國家的料理是世界第一。
ardent nationalist (strong adjective collocation)
Some nationalists refuse to buy imports, insisting that local products are always better.
有些國族至上者拒絕購買進口商品，堅持本地產品一定比較好。
Chidi's speech made him sound like a nationalist who sees outsiders as a threat.
Chidi 的發言讓人覺得他像是把外國人視為威脅的國族至上者。
The online forum attracts nationalists who praise their country's history above all else.
那個網路論壇吸引的是將本國歷史置於一切的國族至上者。
- chauvinist
stronger and more negative; implies aggressive or hostile superiority
- jingoist
even more extreme; suggests aggressive foreign policy and militarism
- supremacist
focuses on racial or ethnic superiority rather than national
- xenophobe
focuses on fear or hatred of foreigners, not pride in one's own country
- cosmopolitan
someone who sees themselves as a citizen of the world, valuing diversity over national pride
- internationalist
believes in cooperation between nations rather than national superiority
用法筆記
Often carries a mildly negative or disapproving tone, implying excessive pride or prejudice. Can be modified by adjectives such as 'ardent', 'extreme', or 'proud' to indicate degree. Distinguish from sense 1 by checking whether the context involves independence (sense 1) or superiority (sense 2).
常見錯誤
nationalist — 形容詞
1. describing a person, group, activity, or policy that supports a nation's right t
獨立派的
支持國家爭取政治獨立的
describing a person, group, activity, or policy that supports a nation's right to become politically independent and self-governing.
The nationalist party won the election on a promise of full independence.
這個獨立派政黨以全面獨立的承諾贏得了選舉。
nationalist party (political collocation)
Several nationalist newspapers openly called for an end to foreign rule.
好幾家獨立派報紙公開呼籲終結外國統治。
The crowd waved nationalist flags during the independence day parade.
群眾在獨立日遊行中揮舞著獨立派的旗幟。
Ryo supports a nationalist movement that wants his region to govern itself.
Ryo 支持一個希望他所屬地區自治的獨立運動。
The government banned all nationalist activity in the months after the uprising.
政府在暴動後的幾個月內禁止了一切獨立派活動。
- pro-independence
more specific and neutral; focuses on the goal of independence without ideological overtones
- separatist
implies a desire to break away and form a separate state, often used for regions
- patriotic
broader — love of country without necessarily demanding political change
用法筆記
Primarily used attributively before a noun in political discourse. Common noun partners include 'movement', 'party', 'leader', 'cause', 'struggle'. Can also appear predicatively: 'Their views are nationalist.'
2. describing a person, attitude, remark, or policy that is based on the strong bel
國族至上的
深信本國優於他國的
describing a person, attitude, remark, or policy that is based on the strong belief that one's own country and its way of life are better than those of other nations.
The coach's nationalist remarks about foreign teams caused a public outcry.
那位教練針對外國隊伍的國族至上言論引發了公憤。
nationalist remarks + public outcry (reaction pattern)
Some parents complained about the school's nationalist speech at the morning assembly.
有些家長投訴學校在晨會上發表國族至上的言論。
The newspaper published a series of nationalist articles praising their native traditions.
該報刊登了一系列讚揚本國傳統的國族至上文章。
Nationalist sentiments grew stronger after the team won the international championship.
國家隊贏得國際錦標賽後，國族至上的情緒更加高漲。
Stephanie felt uncomfortable with her colleague's nationalist jokes about other cultures.
Stephanie 對同事拿其他文化開玩笑的國族至上言論感到不自在。
- chauvinistic
more aggressive and negative; implies hostility toward other nations
- jingoistic
even more extreme; associated with aggressive military nationalism
- ethnocentric
academic term; judging other cultures by the standards of one's own
- xenophobic
focuses on fear or dislike of foreigners rather than pride in one's own
- cosmopolitan
embracing global diversity rather than elevating one nation
- internationalist
favouring cooperation between nations over national pride
用法筆記
Often conveys disapproval or criticism when describing someone's views. Common in phrases such as 'nationalist sentiment', 'nationalist rhetoric', or 'nationalist agenda'. Distinguish from sense 1 by context: sense 2 appears in discussions of pride and prejudice rather than campaigns for independence.