naturalist
naturalist — 名詞
1. someone who spends time observing and learning about wild plants, animals, and o
博物學家
觀察研究野生動植物的人
someone who spends time observing and learning about wild plants, animals, and other organisms in their natural habitats
The young naturalist kept a notebook of every bird species she spotted in the forest.
這位年輕的博物學家在本子上記錄了她在森林裡看到的每一種鳥類。
keen/young/amateur naturalist — common collocations
Selim, who has been a keen naturalist since childhood, can identify over a hundred wildflowers.
Selim 從小就是一位熱心的博物學家，能辨識上百種野花。
The nature reserve invited local naturalists to help count the butterfly population each spring.
自然保護區每年春天都會邀請當地的博物學家協助統計蝴蝶數量。
As a naturalist, Folake spends her weekends walking through wetlands and recording frog calls.
Folake 身為博物學家，常在週末到溼地散步並記錄蛙鳴。
Christopher joined a group of amateur naturalists who meet every month to explore the coastline.
Christopher 加入了一個業餘博物學家小組，他們每個月都會一起探索海岸線。
- natural historian
a more formal synonym, emphasising knowledge of natural history rather than active fieldwork
- biologist
a professional scientist; broader than naturalist, which can include amateurs
- wildlife enthusiast
a non-specialist who enjoys watching wild animals; less formal and less knowledgeable than a naturalist
- field biologist
a professional scientist who works outdoors studying organisms in their environment
用法筆記
More common than sense 2 in everyday use. Frequently paired with keen, amateur, or young (e.g., amateur naturalist, keen naturalist). Unlike a biologist, a naturalist usually observes living things in their natural settings rather than in a laboratory, and the term often implies amateur rather than professional status.
常見錯誤
2. a writer, painter, or other artist who creates work according to naturalist prin
自然主義者
文學藝術上奉行自然主義的人
a writer, painter, or other artist who creates work according to naturalist principles, depicting ordinary life and people in a detailed, unidealised manner
Élise admired the 19th-century French naturalists for their honest depictions of working-class life.
Élise 十分欣賞十九世紀的法國自然主義者，因為他們忠實描繪了工人階級的生活。
naturalist + of + period/place
The novel was written by a famous naturalist who portrayed poverty without softening the details.
這部小說由一位著名的自然主義者所寫，他如實描繪貧窮，毫不淡化細節。
As a naturalist, Felix painted rural scenes exactly as they appeared before him.
Felix 身為自然主義者，筆下的鄉村景象完全是他親眼所見的樣子。
Film critics called the director a true naturalist for capturing everyday speech on screen.
影評人稱這位導演是真正的自然主義者，因為他在銀幕上捕捉了日常對話。
Noa's portrait teacher was a naturalist who believed in showing every wrinkle and imperfection.
Noa 的肖像畫老師是一位自然主義者，認為應該如實呈現每一道皺紋與缺陷。
- realist
a broader term for any artist who depicts things as they are, not necessarily tied to the specific naturalist movement
- documentarian
a person who creates factual records of real life; more common in film and photography than in literature
- verist
a highly formal term for someone who aims at extreme, sometimes brutal, realism in art
- romanticist
an artist who shows life as it could be or should be, emphasising beauty and emotion over raw reality
- idealist
someone who portrays things in a perfect form, rather than as they really are
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 ('NATURE STUDIES'): this sense is about artistic method and belongs to the domain of literary and art criticism. It refers specifically to the naturalist movement of the late 19th century, associated with writers such as Émile Zola.