negligence
negligence — 名詞
1. the condition or fact of failing to take proper care of someone or something tha
疏忽
未能給予應有的關心或注意
the condition or fact of failing to take proper care of someone or something that depends on you, often resulting in problems or harm
The hospital was criticised for its negligence in checking the patient's medical history before surgery.
那家醫院因在手術前未核查病患病史而被批評疏忽。
negligence in + gerund
Aiko's negligence in locking the door led to her bicycle being stolen from the garden.
Aiko 因疏忽忘了鎖門，導致自行車從花園被偷走。
The fire was caused by the negligence of a worker who left a gas heater on overnight.
一名工人讓瓦斯暖爐整夜開著，他的疏忽引發了火災。
Parents can be held responsible for negligence if they leave dangerous objects where young children can reach them.
如果父母把危險物品放在幼童可觸及之處，可能要為疏忽負起責任。
After years of negligence, the old lighthouse fell into disrepair and was finally closed to the public.
經過多年的疏忽，那座舊燈塔已破舊不堪，最後對外關閉。
- carelessness
less formal and broader — refers to any lack of attention, not necessarily tied to a duty or responsibility
- inattention
focuses on not paying attention rather than on failing a duty; weaker in moral weight
- dereliction
formal and stronger — implies a serious failure of professional or moral duty
文法句型
negligence + in + verb-ing
用法筆記
Commonly followed by the preposition 'in' plus a gerund (e.g., negligence in maintaining, negligence in supervising). Gross negligence is a more severe degree used when the lack of care is extreme.
常見錯誤
2. a situation in which a person or organisation fails to show the level of caution
過失
法律上未盡合理注意義務
a situation in which a person or organisation fails to show the level of caution that any reasonable person would show in the same circumstances, especially when this failure causes injury, loss, or damage to others
The court found the company guilty of negligence for failing to install safety barriers at the construction site.
法院認定該公司因未在工地安裝安全護欄而構成過失。
legal terminology: guilty of negligence
Proving negligence in court requires showing that the defendant did not act as a reasonable person would in that situation.
在法庭上證明過失，需要顯示被告未盡到一個理性之人在該情況下應有的注意。
Beatriz filed a negligence claim against the landlord after the broken stairs caused her to fall and break her arm.
Beatriz 因樓梯損壞導致跌倒摔斷手臂，而對房東提出過失索賠。
A finding of negligence can result in an order to pay damages to the injured party.
一旦認定過失成立，過失方可能須向受害方支付賠償金。
The construction company's negligence caused a wall to collapse, injuring two workers on the site.
該建築公司的過失導致一面牆倒塌，造成現場兩名工人受傷。
- carelessness
everyday equivalent, though less precise for legal proceedings where standards of care are formally defined
- dereliction
formal and weighty — suggests a serious abandonment of duty, often in a professional role
- due care
the level of attention and caution that a reasonable person would exercise in the same situation
用法筆記
Frequently used in civil lawsuits where the plaintiff must establish four elements: duty of care, breach of that duty, causation, and damages. Common legal phrases include contributory negligence, medical negligence, and professional negligence.