newman

newman — 名詞

1. Barnett Newman (1905–1970) — an American painter associated with abstract expres

1.名詞B2
釋義

巴內特·紐曼

美國抽象表現主義畫家

Barnett Newman (1905–1970) — an American painter associated with abstract expressionism and color-field painting, whose works feature large, flat areas of color divided by thin vertical lines he called 'zips'.

例句

Tunde's art history professor showed slides of Newman's paintings during the lecture on abstract expressionism.

Tunde 的藝術史教授在上抽象表現主義課程時，展示了 Newman 的畫作幻燈片。

surname used alone after first reference in context

The museum curator explained how Newman used thin vertical lines to create tension across his canvases.

博物館策展人解釋 Newman 如何用細直的線條在大型畫布上創造張力。

collocation: Newman's canvases / his large canvases

用法筆記

Frequently modified by the first name 'Barnett' in formal art-historical writing to distinguish the painter from other notable Newmans. Within art discourse the surname alone is sufficient once the referent is established.

常見錯誤

❌Barnett Newman painted portraits of famous people.
✅Barnett Newman was an abstract painter who used large areas of color, not realistic portraits.
💡Newman's work is non-representational, not figurative.

2. John Henry Newman (1801–1890) — an English theologian, poet, and cardinal in the

2.名詞B2
釋義

紐曼樞機

英國神學家與天主教樞機主教

John Henry Newman (1801–1890) — an English theologian, poet, and cardinal in the Catholic Church, known for his influential writings on education, religious faith, and the development of Christian doctrine.

例句

Karim read Newman's 'The Idea of a University' for his education philosophy course last semester.

Karim 上學期為了教育哲學課程，閱讀了 Newman 的著作《大學的理念》。

possessive: Newman's + title of work

The Catholic Church officially recognised Newman's contributions by declaring him a saint in 2019.

天主教會於 2019 年正式冊封 Newman 為聖人，肯定他的貢獻。

passive: was declared a saint

用法筆記

In British religious and academic contexts, 'Cardinal Newman' is the standard respectful form. The title 'Cardinal' precedes the surname without a first name in formal references. The simple surname 'Newman' alone may cause ambiguity with the actor Paul Newman in non-specialist contexts.

常見錯誤

❌Cardinal John Henry Newman was a Protestant minister.
✅Cardinal John Henry Newman was a Catholic theologian who converted from Anglicanism.
💡He began as an Anglican priest and later became a Catholic cardinal.

3. Paul Newman (1925–2008) — an American actor, film director, and philanthropist,

3.名詞B1
釋義

保羅·紐曼

美國演員與慈善家

Paul Newman (1925–2008) — an American actor, film director, and philanthropist, famous for his leading roles in films such as 'Cool Hand Luke' and 'The Sting', and for his food company Newman's Own which donates all profits to charity.

例句

Sophia watched 'Cool Hand Luke' and thought Paul Newman gave a remarkable and moving performance.

Sophia 看了《鐵窗喋血》，認為 Paul Newman 的演出既出色又動人。

full name: Paul Newman

Dario read that Newman's salad dressing company has donated over six hundred million dollars to charity.

Dario 讀到 Newman 的沙拉醬公司已捐出超過六億美元給慈善機構。

possessive: Newman's + company name

用法筆記

The surname 'Newman' in general conversation most commonly refers to Paul Newman, especially in American English. For clarity in writing, use 'Paul Newman' at first mention and 'Newman' thereafter. His food brand 'Newman's Own' is widely recognised in the US and often discussed in business philanthropy contexts.