guard
guard — 動詞
1. to keep a person, place, or thing safe by watching over them and taking action a
保護；守衛
保護人事物免受攻擊或傷害
to keep a person, place, or thing safe by watching over them and taking action against possible dangers such as attack, theft, or harm
Sana keeps a large dog to guard her house at night.
Sana 養了一隻大狗來看家。
guard + noun + infinitive of purpose
The museum hired extra security to guard the ancient gold coins.
博物館加聘了警衛來保護那些古代金幣。
Two officers stood at the checkpoint to guard the border.
兩名警官在檢查站駐守邊境。
A strong password helps guard your online bank account from thieves.
一組強大的密碼可以保護你的網路銀行帳戶不被盜用。
The high wall was built to guard the village against enemy attacks.
那道高牆是用來保護村莊不受敵人襲擊的。
文法句型
guard + noun
guard + noun + from/against + noun
用法筆記
Often used with 'from' or 'against' to specify the danger. Subject can be a person, an animal, a device, or a structure.
常見錯誤
2. to stay near a person who is being held in a place, especially a prisoner or sus
看守；監管
看管犯人防止其逃脫
to stay near a person who is being held in a place, especially a prisoner or suspect, and make sure they do not run away
The police officer guarded the suspect until the lawyer arrived.
警察看守著嫌犯，直到律師到場。
guard + noun (person in custody)
Felipe was told to guard the prisoners while the transport van came.
Felipe 奉命看守犯人，直到運輸車抵達。
The captives were guarded day and night by armed soldiers.
那些俘虜日夜被武裝士兵看守著。
A single officer was left to guard the cells for the whole night.
只有一名警員被留下來看守整排牢房一整夜。
The soldiers guarded the captured spy in a small locked room.
士兵們把抓到的間諜關在一間上鎖的小房間裡看守。
- keep watch over
more formal and slightly longer phrasing
- supervise
less specific; does not imply the person is a prisoner
文法句型
guard + noun (person)
be + guarded
用法筆記
Frequently passive. Distinguish from sense 1 (PROTECT FROM DANGER): this sense is about preventing escape, not about preventing harm. The object is usually a person being held against their will.
常見錯誤
3. to make sure that certain facts, details, or knowledge are not shared with or di
保密；守密
防止資訊或機密外洩
to make sure that certain facts, details, or knowledge are not shared with or discovered by other people
The company guarded its secret recipe for over a hundred years.
該公司將其祕密配方保密了超過一百年。
guard + secret + noun (thing kept hidden)
Élise guards her personal information very carefully when she shops online.
Élise 在網上購物時會非常小心地保護好她的個人資料。
guard + noun + carefully (adverb of care)
Scientists guard their research data until they publish their findings.
科學家在發表研究成果之前會嚴守研究數據。
Amira guarded the location of the hidden treasure from everyone.
Amira 對所有人隱瞞了藏寶地點。
The club guards the names of its famous members from the public.
該俱樂部對外不公開其知名會員的姓名。
- keep secret
more direct and common in everyday speech
- conceal
more formal; suggests deliberate hiding
- withhold
implies refusing to share information that others want
文法句型
guard + noun (information)
guard + noun + from + noun
用法筆記
The object is always information or knowledge, never a person or physical place. Common with adverbs such as 'closely', 'jealously', and 'carefully'.
常見錯誤
4. in basketball, American football, and similar sports, to stay very close to a pl
防守；盯防
在球賽中貼身防守對手
in basketball, American football, and similar sports, to stay very close to a player from the opposing team, trying to stop them from getting the ball, moving forward, or scoring points
Christopher guarded the opposing team's best player for the whole game.
Christopher 整場比賽都負責防守對方最強的球員。
guard + noun (opposing player) + duration
Walid guarded the forward so closely that he could not receive the ball.
Walid 緊緊防守那名前鋒，讓他完全接不到球。
guard + noun + result clause
In the final minute, Tariro guarded the point guard at the three-point line.
比賽最後一分鐘，Tariro 在三分線外防守對方的控球後衛。
The coach asked Esteban to guard the other team's strongest scorer.
教練要 Esteban 去防守對方最會得分的那名球員。
Nellie guarded her opponent carefully, blocking every shot she took.
Nellie 小心地防守她的對手，阻擋了她的每一次投籃。
- mark
used in British English and in sports like soccer for the same concept
- cover
broader; may mean defending an area rather than a specific player
- defend against
describes the overall defensive role rather than a specific player assignment
文法句型
guard + noun (player)
用法筆記
Common in basketball, American football, and handball. The thing being guarded is always a person (the opposing player), not the ball or the goal. 'Guard' can also be used as a noun for the position in basketball.
常見錯誤
guard — 名詞
1. a person employed to protect people, buildings, or valuable objects by watching
警衛；守衛
負責保護人、建築物或貴重物品的人
a person employed to protect people, buildings, or valuable objects by watching for danger and preventing theft, damage, or unauthorised access.
The museum guard asked a visitor to step away from the painting.
博物館的警衛請一位訪客離畫作遠一點。
countable noun describing a job role
Imran works as a security guard at the airport, checking bags before they are loaded.
Imran 在機場擔任警衛，負責檢查托運行李。
compound noun: security guard
Two armed guards stood outside the bank entrance all night.
兩名武裝警衛整夜站在銀行入口處。
The prison guard unlocked the cell door and handed the prisoner his lunch.
監獄守衛打開牢門，把午餐遞給囚犯。
A team of four guards protected the building while the meeting was taking place.
一個四人的警衛小組在會議進行期間保護著大樓。
- security guard
the most common modern term, often for someone protecting a building or event
- sentinel
a more formal or literary word, often for a soldier posted at an entrance
- watchman
usually someone who guards a building at night, older-sounding term
- escort
a guard who travels with a person or valuable item to protect them during transit
- intruder
someone who tries to enter a place without permission — the opposite of what a guard tries to stop
文法句型
guard + of + place
compound: security guard / prison guard
用法筆記
Often appears in compound nouns such as 'security guard', 'prison guard', or 'armed guard' that specify the type of location or level of protection.
常見錯誤
2. a situation in which armed people closely watch and control where someone can go
被看守
由持武器的人嚴密監視控制
a situation in which armed people closely watch and control where someone can go, usually because that person has been arrested or is seen as a risk.
The prisoner was kept under heavy guard at the military base before the trial.
審判前，那名囚犯在軍事基地被嚴密看管。
under + adjective + guard: under heavy guard
The three suspects were taken to court under armed police guard.
三名嫌疑犯在武裝警察的戒護下被帶往法院。
The diamond necklace was delivered to the exhibition under armed guard.
那條鑽石項鍊在武裝戒護下送達展覽會場。
Aylin was placed under guard after she agreed to testify against the gang.
Aylin 同意出庭作證指控該幫派後，便被置於看守之下。
The former dictator stayed under guard in his own house for many years.
那位前獨裁者多年來一直被軟禁在自己家中。
- in custody
broader term meaning officially detained, not specifically about armed watching
- under surveillance
watched secretly rather than openly guarded by armed people
- free
not being watched or controlled by guards
- unescorted
travelling without a guard
文法句型
under + guard
under + adjective + guard (under armed guard)
用法筆記
Always used after the preposition 'under' in the fixed phrase 'under guard'. The structure 'under [adjective] guard' allows modifiers such as 'armed', 'heavy', or 'police'.
常見錯誤
3. the duty of staying in one place and keeping watch over a person, a building, or
站崗；看守
負責守衛某處或某人以防危險
the duty of staying in one place and keeping watch over a person, a building, or an object to protect it or prevent someone from escaping.
Two soldiers stood guard at the embassy entrance throughout the night.
兩名士兵整夜在大使館門口站崗。
stand guard + at + place
Élise stood guard over the picnic baskets while her friends swam in the lake.
Élise 在朋友們去湖裡游泳時看守著野餐籃。
stand guard + over + object — informal use
The dog kept guard by the front door, watching every person who walked past.
那隻狗在前門守衛，盯著每一個經過的人。
Two officers kept guard outside the hospital room where the witness was resting.
兩名員警在證人休息的病房外輪流看守。
A single guard stood at the entrance of the old temple day and night.
一名警衛日以繼夜地站在古老寺廟的入口處。
- keep watch
very similar meaning, but 'keep watch' can also be done secretly, while 'stand guard' is usually visible
- mount guard
more formal, used in military contexts
文法句型
stand + guard
keep + guard
stand/keep + guard + over/at/outside
用法筆記
Used in the fixed phrases 'stand guard' and 'keep guard'. The subject can be a person, a group, or an animal (e.g., a guard dog). The phrase 'stand guard over' can also be used informally for looking after everyday objects.
常見錯誤
4. a formal ceremony in which one team of soldiers takes over the duty of guarding
衛兵交接
士兵換崗的正式儀式
a formal ceremony in which one team of soldiers takes over the duty of guarding a significant building from the team that has just finished their shift.
Thousands of tourists gather each morning to watch the changing of the guard at the palace.
每天早晨都有數千名遊客聚集觀看皇宮的衛兵交接儀式。
fixed phrase: the changing of the guard
The changing of the guard ceremony includes music from a marching band and lasts about thirty minutes.
衛兵交接儀式包含軍樂隊演奏，持續約三十分鐘。
Sofia arrived early to get a good view of the changing of the guard.
Sofia 提早到達，以便清楚地觀看衛兵交接。
The old guards marched away as the new soldiers took their positions at the front gates.
舊衛兵列隊離去，新士兵在大門前就定位。
- guard mounting
another formal term for the same ceremony, less common in everyday use
文法句型
the changing of the guard
用法筆記
Always used with the definite article in the form 'the changing of the guard'. Refers specifically to the visible ceremony at places like Buckingham Palace. Not used for ordinary shift changes.
常見錯誤
5. a period or process in which a new leader or team takes control of an organisati
換代
新領導或團隊接掌組織帶來變革
a period or process in which a new leader or team takes control of an organisation, company, or country, usually bringing major changes to how things are run.
The change of guard at the technology company brought younger leaders and fresh ideas.
那家科技公司的換代帶來了更年輕的領導層和新想法。
change of guard + at + organisation
After the election there was a clear change of guard in the education department.
選舉過後，教育部門出現了明顯的人事更替。
Many employees felt nervous during the change of guard at the family-owned business.
許多員工在家族企業的換代期間感到不安。
The university's change of guard led to new policies on research funding and hiring.
大學的換代導致了研究經費和招聘政策上的改變。
- transition of power
more formal, usually for political leadership changes
- handover
less formal, can be for any transfer of responsibilities
- regime change
stronger political meaning, often for an entire government being replaced
文法句型
a change of guard
the changing of the guard (metaphorical)
用法筆記
Metaphorically extends the ceremonial 'changing of the guard' to any situation where leadership changes. Unlike the ceremonial sense, this form can use either 'a change of guard' (indefinite) or 'the changing of the guard' (definite). Distinguish from sense 4, which is the literal ceremony.
常見錯誤
6. a railway employee who rides on a train, makes sure it runs safely, checks ticke
列車員
火車上負責安全與服務的人員
a railway employee who rides on a train, makes sure it runs safely, checks tickets, and helps passengers.
Otis asked the train guard whether the service had a dining carriage on this route.
Otis 問列車員這班車是否有餐車。
The guard walked through each carriage to check that all doors were properly closed before departure.
列車員走過每一節車廂，檢查所有車門在發车前是否都已關好。
guard + verb: checking the train
The guard blew his whistle and waved a green flag for the train to depart.
列車員吹哨並揮動綠旗，示意火車可以發車。
Every train on this line has a guard who signals when it is safe to leave the station.
這條路線的每班列車都有一名列車員，負責通知何時可以安全離站。
Lauren showed her ticket to the guard and asked which platform the next train would use.
Lauren 向列車員出示車票，並詢問下一班車會停靠哪一個月臺。
- conductor
the American English equivalent; also used on some British rail systems
- train manager
a modern alternative term used by some UK train companies
文法句型
the guard + verb (announced/checked/signalled)
用法筆記
Chiefly British English. The equivalent role in American English is called a 'conductor'. In modern UK usage, some railway companies use the term 'train manager' instead.
常見錯誤
7. a cover, shield, or piece of material fitted over a sharp, hot, or moving part o
護罩
裝在機具上的保護裝置
a cover, shield, or piece of material fitted over a sharp, hot, or moving part of equipment so that people cannot touch it accidentally and the equipment is less likely to break
Élise checked that the guard on the saw was in place before cutting the wood.
Élise 在開始切割木材前，檢查了鋸子上的護罩是否安裝妥當。
collocation: guard on [tool]
The plastic guard covers the blade so that children cannot touch it.
塑膠護罩蓋住刀片，讓兒童無法碰到它。
passive: be covered + guard
A metal guard fitted over the fan prevents fingers from reaching the spinning blades.
裝在風扇上的金屬護罩可以防止手指碰到旋轉的葉片。
Without the protective guard, the machine's hot surface could burn a worker badly.
沒有保護罩的話，機器的高溫表面可能會嚴重燙傷工人。
Hamza replaced the broken guard on the lawnmower before using it in the garden.
Hamza 在使用除草機之前，先更換了上面損壞的護罩。
用法筆記
Often used in compound nouns describing the type of equipment: blade guard, chain guard, trigger guard.
常見錯誤
8. a basketball-team position for quick, accurate shooters — two per team — who bri
後衛
籃球比賽中的進攻位置
a basketball-team position for quick, accurate shooters — two per team — who bring the ball up the court and score from outside
Minh plays as a guard for his school team and scores most of the points.
Minh 在校隊擔任後衛，而且大部分的分數都是他得的。
play as a guard
The team's best guard dribbled past two defenders and made a difficult shot.
隊上最好的後衛運球越過兩名防守球員，然後投進了一記難度很高的球。
Sayaka was chosen as a starting guard because of her speed and shooting accuracy.
Sayaka 因為速度快、投籃準，被選為先發後衛。
A good basketball guard must be able to pass the ball quickly to teammates.
好的籃球後衛必須能夠迅速將球傳給隊友。
Wren trained hard to improve her skills as a guard during the summer camp.
Wren 在夏令營期間努力訓練，提升自己擔任後衛的技巧。
- point guard
the specific guard role that calls plays and sets up scoring chances
- shooting guard
the specific guard role focused on scoring from the outside
用法筆記
In basketball there are two types: the point guard, who directs the team's plays, and the shooting guard, who focuses on scoring. Both are simply called guards as a group.
常見錯誤
9. an offensive-line position in American football, filled by a player who stands b
護鋒
美式足球的進攻線鋒位置
an offensive-line position in American football, filled by a player who stands beside the center and blocks defenders from reaching the quarterback or ball carrier
Andrés plays as a guard on the offensive line for his college team.
Andrés 在大學球隊的進攻線擔任護鋒。
play as a guard (football)
The guard blocked two defenders to give the quarterback time to throw.
護鋒擋住了兩名防守球員，讓四分衛有時間傳球。
A strong guard is essential for protecting the quarterback during passing plays.
在傳球進攻時，強壯的護鋒對於保護四分衛非常重要。
Coach Elena moved Christopher to the guard position because of his strength.
Elena 教練因為 Christopher 力氣大，把他調到護鋒的位置。
The opposing guard rushed forward and stopped the running back behind the line.
對方的護鋒衝上前來，將跑鋒擋在進攻線後方。
- offensive guard
the full, more formal term for this position
- lineman
a broader term for any player on the offensive line, including tackles and the center
用法筆記
This sense is specific to American and Canadian football. The guard's main job is blocking, not handling the ball or scoring.
常見錯誤
10. a defensive arm position used in boxing and similar combat sports, where you rai
防禦姿勢
拳擊中舉臂護頭的站姿
a defensive arm position used in boxing and similar combat sports, where you raise both hands near your face to block or reduce the force of incoming punches
The boxer raised his guard just in time to block the punch to his face.
拳擊手及時舉起防禦姿勢，擋住了朝他臉部揮來的一拳。
raise [possessive] guard
Nkechi kept her guard up throughout the round to protect herself from hits.
Nkechi 在整個回合中都保持防禦姿勢，以免被擊中。
keep [possessive] guard up
Dropping your guard even for a second can leave you open to a hard hit.
就算只是一瞬間放下防禦姿勢，也可能讓你挨上重重的一拳。
The trainer told Jude to keep his guard tight and his eyes on the opponent.
教練告訴 Jude 要保持防禦姿勢緊湊，同時眼睛盯住對手。
A loose guard leaves the jaw and body exposed to the other fighter's strikes.
鬆散的防禦姿勢會讓下巴和身體暴露在對手的攻擊之下。
- defensive stance
a more general term for any combat sports posture; less specific to arm positioning
- fighting stance
describes the overall body position rather than just the arm defence
用法筆記
Frequently used with verbs of maintenance: keep up, hold, raise, drop. Dropping your guard is also used figuratively in everyday English to mean failing to defend yourself against criticism or risk.
常見錯誤
11. in curling, a granite stone sent sliding down the ice to a position in front of
護石
冰壺中用來保護己方石壺的石頭
in curling, a granite stone sent sliding down the ice to a position in front of the target area, protecting the team's scoring stones from being knocked away by the opponent
The team placed a guard in front of their scoring stone to block the opponents.
隊伍在他們的計分石壺前方放置了一顆護石，以阻擋對手。
place a guard (curling)
Walid slid the guard to the front of the house to protect their best stone.
Walid 將護石滑到壺局的前方，以保護隊上最好的那顆石壺。
slide the guard to
A well-placed guard makes it very hard for the other team to knock you out.
一顆位置良好的護石可以讓對手很難打掉你的石壺。
The skip told Amira to aim for the guard position just past the hog line.
隊長告訴 Amira 要把石壺瞄準到前擲線後方的護石位置。
- guard stone
the fuller term for this curling stone; used interchangeably
用法筆記
This sense is used only in curling, a sport played on ice. A guard stone does not count for points itself; its value is purely defensive.
12. a shortened informal way of referring to the National Guard, a U.S. military res
國民兵
美國國民警衛隊的簡稱
a shortened informal way of referring to the National Guard, a U.S. military reserve force that serves both the federal government and individual states, often called upon during emergencies such as natural disasters
Tara joined the Guard after college and trains one weekend every month.
Tara 大學畢業後加入了國民兵，每個月有一個週末要受訓。
join the Guard
The Guard was called in to help with flood relief efforts across the state.
國民兵被調派來協助全州的洪水救災工作。
passive: be called in + Guard
Soldiers from the Guard helped distribute food and water after the hurricane.
國民兵的士兵在颶風過後協助分發食物和飲用水。
Maeve's father served in the Guard for twenty years while working as a teacher.
Maeve 的父親在國民兵服役了二十年，期間還同時擔任教師。
The governor asked the Guard to assist local police during the emergency.
州長請求國民兵在緊急狀況期間協助當地警方。
- National Guard
the full formal name
- Army National Guard
the specific land-based branch of the Guard, as distinct from the Air National Guard
- state guard
a term sometimes used for the Guard when activated by a state governor
用法筆記
Capitalize Guard when it refers to the National Guard. This informal usage is very common in American news headlines and casual speech.