paralysis

paralysis — 名詞

1. the medical condition of losing the power to move some or all of your muscles, o

1.名詞B2
釋義

癱瘓；麻痺

因病或受傷而無法活動身體的狀態

the medical condition of losing the power to move some or all of your muscles, often after a serious illness, an accident, or damage to the nerves.

例句

The doctor warned that the spinal injury might cause permanent paralysis in both legs.

醫生警告，這次脊椎受傷可能會造成雙腿永久癱瘓。

paralysis in [body part]

After the stroke, Mrs. Liu suffered paralysis on the left side of her face.

中風之後，Mrs. Liu 左半邊臉出現了麻痺。

suffer + paralysis on [body part]

同義詞
  • palsy

    older or medical term, often in fixed names like cerebral palsy

  • immobility

    broader and less clinical; not always caused by nerve damage

反義詞

文法句型

paralysis of [body part]

suffer + paralysis

用法筆記

Often appears with a body-part complement introduced by 'of' or 'in' (paralysis of the legs, paralysis in her arm). Distinguish from sense 2: this sense always describes physical loss of movement, not an inability to make decisions.

常見錯誤

❌He got paralysis with his legs.
✅He got paralysis in his legs.
💡use 'in' or 'of' with the affected body part, not 'with'.
❌She has a paralysis.
✅She has paralysis.' or 'She has a form of paralysis.
💡usually uncountable; do not use 'a paralysis' on its own.

2. a situation, often in a government, company, or group, where no progress or deci

2.名詞C1
釋義

停擺；僵住

組織或個人陷入僵局、無法決定或行動的狀態

a situation, often in a government, company, or group, where no progress or decisions can be made because people feel stuck or cannot agree.

例句

Months of arguing between the two parties caused complete paralysis in parliament.

兩黨爭吵了好幾個月，導致國會完全停擺。

paralysis in [organisation]

Fear of failure left Sofia in a state of paralysis for weeks before the exam.

考試前的好幾週，對失敗的恐懼讓 Sofia 陷入無法行動的停擺狀態。

in a state of paralysis (set phrase)

同義詞
  • deadlock

    two sides cannot agree, so nothing moves forward

  • stagnation

    long period with no growth or change, often economic

  • inaction

    simple failure to do anything; less dramatic than paralysis

反義詞

文法句型

paralysis in [system/group]

political/economic paralysis

用法筆記

Frequently modified by adjectives that name the affected domain (political, economic, bureaucratic, emotional). Often used in news writing about governments or large organisations. Distinguish from sense 1: no physical illness is involved, only an inability to act or decide.

常見錯誤

❌The company is in paralysis to decide.
✅The company is paralysed when it comes to deciding.
💡use the verb 'be paralysed' for the state of an actor; reserve 'paralysis' for the situation as a whole.
❌There is a paralysis on the new plan.
✅There is paralysis over the new plan.
💡use 'over' or 'in' with this figurative sense, not 'on'.