prop
prop — 動詞
1. to place something against a surface or object so that it stays in an upright or
支撐；靠放
將物體靠在某處使其固定
to place something against a surface or object so that it stays in an upright or open position, or to hold something in position by putting a support under or behind it
Wei propped his bicycle against the garden wall while she unlocked the front door.
Wei 把腳踏車靠在花園牆上，然後去開前門的鎖。
prop + object + against [surface]
Darius used a stack of old books to prop open the classroom window on a warm spring day.
Darius 用一疊舊書撐住教室的窗戶，讓溫暖的春風吹進來。
prop + open (resultative)
The nurse propped the patient's pillow up behind his back so he could see the television.
護士把病人的枕頭墊高，讓他的背有東西靠著，方便他看電視。
Shanti propped the wet surfboard against the garage wall to let it dry in the sun.
Shanti 把濕的衝浪板靠在車庫牆邊，讓它在陽光下晾乾。
- remove
to take away the support
文法句型
prop + object + against/on + something
prop + object + up
用法筆記
Commonly used with a preposition (against, on, with) or the particle 'up'. The object is typically a long or flat item (a board, a door, a person) that needs temporary support.
常見錯誤
prop — 名詞
1. an item that performers handle or interact with on stage or on screen to make th
道具
表演中使用的物品
an item that performers handle or interact with on stage or on screen to make the scene look realistic
The costume department stores hundreds of props in labelled boxes backstage at the theatre.
戲服部門在後臺的標籤箱子裡存放了數百件道具。
plural: props in theatre storage
For the final scene, the actor picked up a fake sword from the prop table on the film set.
在最後一場戲裡，演員從道具桌上拿起一把假劍。
prop table / on set
The production designer spent weeks finding antique props for the Victorian-era period drama.
製作設計師花了數週尋找維多利亞時代的古董道具。
The stage manager checked that every prop was in its place before the curtain rose at eight o'clock.
舞臺監督確認每一件道具都在原位，才讓八點的幕升起。
用法筆記
Almost always used in the plural ('props'), even when referring to a collection kept together. In film and theatre jobs, the person in charge is called the 'props master' or 'property master'.
2. an informal short form of 'propeller', the set of spinning blades that moves a p
螺旋槳
飛機或船隻的推進器簡稱
an informal short form of 'propeller', the set of spinning blades that moves a plane or boat forward
The pilot started the engine and the prop blades began to spin slowly on the runway.
飛行員啟動引擎，螺旋槳的葉片開始在跑道上緩慢轉動。
prop blades — informal usage for propeller
One of the boat's props got tangled in seaweed near the harbour entrance last weekend.
上週末，船的一個螺旋槳在港口附近被海草纏住了。
The old aircraft's wooden prop had been replaced with a lighter modern one made of metal.
那架舊飛機的木製螺旋槳已經換成更輕的現代金屬槳。
Before taking off, the pilot walked around the plane and checked that the prop was free of cracks.
起飛前，飛行員繞著飛機走了一圈，檢查螺旋槳是否有裂痕。
用法筆記
Common in spoken language and informal writing among pilots, sailors, and mechanics. In formal technical documents, the full word 'propeller' is preferred.
3. a long, firm item such as a pole, beam, or stick that you put beneath a structur
支柱
用來撐住物體的棍棒或柱子
a long, firm item such as a pole, beam, or stick that you put beneath a structure or leaning object to keep it steady and upright
The gardener placed wooden props under the heavy branches of the apple tree to stop them from breaking.
園丁在蘋果樹粗壯的樹枝下放了木頭支柱，防止它們斷裂。
wooden props under [object]
Workers installed steel props to hold the tunnel ceiling in place during the night repairs.
工人安裝了鋼製支柱，在夜間維修期間撐住隧道頂部。
steel props — material + purpose
Felipe used a pile of old bricks as a prop to keep the broken washing machine balanced.
Felipe 用一堆舊磚頭當支柱，讓壞掉的洗衣機能保持平衡。
The builders fitted metal props against the weakened wall before pouring the new concrete.
建築工人在澆築新混凝土之前，先用金屬支柱撐住已經鬆動的牆壁。
用法筆記
Describes a physical object used for temporary or permanent support. Unlike the verb 'prop', which focuses on the action, the noun focuses on the supporting object itself. Can overlap with 'support' but often implies a simpler or more makeshift device.
4. one of the two front-row players on each side of the scrum in rugby, whose job i
支柱前鋒
橄欖球爭球前排兩側球員
one of the two front-row players on each side of the scrum in rugby, whose job is to push forward and support the weight of the scrum
As a prop, Carlos needs to be both very strong and quick on his feet during the match.
作為支柱前鋒，Carlos 在比賽中必須既強壯又腳步靈活。
rugby position: prop
The team's loosehead prop was injured during the first scrum and had to leave the pitch.
球隊的鬆頭支柱前鋒在第一次爭球時就受傷，被迫退場。
loosehead prop — specific type
Imran packed down in the scrum between the hooker and the lock, pushing hard against the opposing prop.
Imran 在爭球中蹲低身子，夾在鉤球鋒和鎖球鋒之間，奮力頂住對面的支柱前鋒。
Five metres from the try line, Vinícius pushed hard and drove the scrum forward to score.
離達陣線不到五公尺，Vinícius 奮力推頂，帶動爭球向前衝刺達陣得分。
用法筆記
A specialised rugby term. There are two types: 'loosehead prop' (wears number 1, on the left side of the scrum) and 'tighthead prop' (wears number 3, on the right side). The position demands great physical strength.
5. the respect, credit, or admiration that people express for someone, especially f
敬意；讚賞
口語中對某人的肯定
the respect, credit, or admiration that people express for someone, especially for something they have achieved
I've got to give props to Sarah for organising the entire charity dinner by herself.
我必須對 Sarah 表達敬意，她一個人籌辦了整場慈善晚宴。
give props to [someone] — slang for giving respect
The crowd shouted props to the retiring player as he walked off the pitch for the final time.
當退休球員最後一次走下球場時，群眾高喊著對他表示敬意。
Big props to the kitchen staff for serving three hundred meals in just under two hours.
向廚房團隊獻上大大的讚賞——他們在短短兩小時內準備了三百份餐點。
Nadia deserves major props for finishing her thesis while working two part-time jobs.
Nadia 在兼兩份打工的同時完成論文，絕對值得大大的肯定。
用法筆記
Short for 'proper respect' and popularised in hip-hop and African American Vernacular English. Now fairly widespread in informal speech. Almost always used in the phrase 'give props to [someone]' or 'props to [someone].' Not used in formal writing.
常見錯誤
prop — 縮寫
1. a written abbreviation for 'property', used in advertisements, legal documents,
房地產
property的縮寫
a written abbreviation for 'property', used in advertisements, legal documents, and official forms to refer to land, buildings, or possessions
The sign outside the old house read 'For sale — prop., call 555-0199 for details.'
那棟老房子外面的告示寫著「出售——房地產，請致電 555-0199 洽詢。」
prop. — abbreviation for property in listing
The tax form asks for the estimated value of the prop. as of January first of this year.
稅務表格要求填寫該房地產截至今年一月一日的估計價值。
The real estate agent listed three commercial props. for lease in the downtown area.
房仲在市中心區域刊登了三筆商業房地產的招租廣告。
The legal document described the prop. boundary as extending to the riverbank on the east side.
法律文件記載該房地產的界線向東延伸至河岸。
用法筆記
Always written with a period ('prop.') in formal contexts. Most common in classified advertisements, property listings, and legal shorthand. In spoken English, the full word 'property' is always used.
2. a written abbreviation for 'proposition', referring to a suggested change in the
提案；賭局
proposition的縮寫
a written abbreviation for 'proposition', referring to a suggested change in the law that people vote on, or a business proposal
Voters in California will decide on Prop. 22, which changes the rules for delivery drivers.
加州的選民將對第 22 號提案進行投票，該提案將改變外送司機的相關規定。
Prop. — common expression in ballot measure names
The newspaper endorsed Prop. 15, saying it would bring more money to public schools.
該報支持第 15 號提案，認為它將為公立學校帶來更多經費。
The gambling website listed the odds on Prop. 4, a bet on which team would score first.
博弈網站列出了第 4 號賭局的賠率，賭的是哪一隊會率先得分。
Campaign volunteers knocked on doors across the district to gather support for Prop. 18 before election day.
競選志工在選舉日前挨家挨戶敲門，爭取選民支持第 18 號提案。
用法筆記
Most famous in the context of California ballot 'props,' where the abbreviation appears on voting materials. Also used in business shorthand for 'proposition' in offers and proposals. In informal gambling contexts, a 'prop bet' (or 'proposition bet') is a side bet on a specific event within a game.
3. a written abbreviation for 'proprietor', meaning the owner of a business, especi
業主
proprietor的縮寫
a written abbreviation for 'proprietor', meaning the owner of a business, especially a small shop, restaurant, or hotel
The restaurant menu listed 'M. Chen, Prop.' at the bottom of the first page.
餐廳菜單首頁底部印著「負責人：M. Chen」。
Prop. — abbreviation for proprietor on signage
The small hotel's prop. decided to retire after running the business for forty years.
這家小旅館的業主在經營了四十年後決定退休。
The business licence shows 'Eitan Cohen, Prop.' on the registration document at city hall.
市政府大樓的營業登記文件上寫著「業主：Eitan Cohen」。
The newspaper classifieds read 'Cafe for sale — contact prop. directly for more information.'
報紙分類廣告寫著「咖啡館出售——請直接聯繫業主了解更多資訊。」
用法筆記
Usually appears after a person's name in print (e.g. 'Jane Smith, Prop.'). Common on business signage, letterheads, and official documents for small businesses. The full word 'proprietor' is preferred in formal legal writing.
prop — 構詞成分
1. relating to propionic acid or its chemical compounds, used as a prefix in the na
丙酸
與丙酸相關的化學詞綴
relating to propionic acid or its chemical compounds, used as a prefix in the names of chemical substances such as propionate and propylene glycol
Propionic acid is commonly added to baked goods as a preservative to stop mould from growing.
丙酸常被添加在烘焙食品中作為防腐劑，以防止發霉。
propionic acid — the base compound
The bacteria in the cow's stomach produce propionate, which the animal uses as a source of energy.
牛胃裡的細菌會產生丙酸鹽，牛將其作為能量來源。
propionate — derived form
The label on the bottle of skin cream listed propylene glycol as one of the main moisturising ingredients.
那瓶護膚霜的標籤上列著丙二醇，說它是主要的保濕成分之一。
In the organic chemistry lab, the students used propyl alcohol to clean the glass beakers after the synthesis experiment.
在有機化學實驗室裡，學生們用丙醇清洗做完合成實驗後的玻璃燒杯。
用法筆記
The combining form 'prop-' appears in chemistry terms as a prefix derived from 'propionic acid.' The most common forms learners may encounter are 'propionic acid' (a food preservative) and 'propylene glycol' (used in cosmetics and de-icing fluids).