psychoanalysis
psychoanalysis — 名詞
1. a set of ideas developed by Sigmund Freud and others about how hidden thoughts a
精神分析學
探討潛意識的心理學理論
a set of ideas developed by Sigmund Freud and others about how hidden thoughts and feelings in the unconscious part of the mind influence a person's behaviour and emotional state
Élise's university course covers the history of psychoanalysis from Freud to modern developments.
Élise 的大學課程涵蓋了從 Freud 到現代發展的精神分析學歷史。
psychoanalysis as an academic field of study
Many concepts from psychoanalysis, such as the idea of unconscious desires, have influenced modern psychology.
精神分析學中的許多概念，例如潛意識慾望的想法，都影響了現代心理學。
Critics argue that psychoanalysis lacks the scientific evidence that supports other forms of therapy.
批評者認為，精神分析學缺乏支持其他治療方法的科學證據。
Sayaka wrote her final-year essay on how psychoanalysis explains hidden motives behind everyday behaviour.
Sayaka 的畢業論文探討精神分析學如何解釋日常行為背後的隱藏動機。
The lecture on psychoanalysis helped Nicholas understand why people sometimes act without knowing the reason.
那場關於精神分析學的演講幫助 Nicholas 理解人為什麼有時會在不自知的情況下行動。
- psychodynamic theory
a broader term that includes psychoanalysis and later developments; more commonly used in academic psychology today
- depth psychology
a less common, more formal synonym for theories that explore the unconscious mind
用法筆記
Frequently used as an uncountable noun referring to the whole body of theory, not a specific session or instance. Distinguish from sense 2, where the focus is on the therapeutic technique rather than the theoretical framework.
常見錯誤
2. a way of treating mental health problems in which a person regularly meets a tra
精神分析
透過談話探索潛意識的治療方式
a way of treating mental health problems in which a person regularly meets a trained therapist to talk about their past, their feelings, and their dreams, with the aim of uncovering hidden fears and conflicts
After two years of psychoanalysis, Amira understood the childhood roots of her anxiety.
經過兩年的精神分析，Amira 理解了造成她焦慮的童年根源。
psychoanalysis as a treatment lasting years
Devika chose psychoanalysis because short-term counselling did not explore her feelings deeply enough.
Devika 選擇精神分析，因為短期諮商未能深入探索她的感受。
contrast with short-term counselling
During psychoanalysis, the patient lies on a couch and says whatever comes to mind.
進行精神分析時，病人躺在沙發上說出腦中浮現的任何念頭。
Heloísa's thrice-weekly psychoanalysis sessions helped her understand a recurring dream about a locked room.
Heloísa 每週三次的精神分析療程，幫助她理解那個反覆出現的關於鎖住房間的夢。
Some people find psychoanalysis helpful for long-standing emotional problems that other treatments have not resolved.
有些人認為精神分析有助於解決其他治療無效的長期情緒問題。
- analysis
an informal shortened form of psychoanalysis used mainly by practitioners and patients, e.g. 'in analysis'
- talk therapy
a broad, non-technical term that includes psychoanalysis and other conversation-based treatments; less specific
- psychotherapy
a wider category of treatments that includes psychoanalysis but also many other approaches
用法筆記
Unlike counselling or cognitive behavioural therapy, which are often shorter, psychoanalysis typically involves multiple sessions per week over several years. The practitioner is called a psychoanalyst.