punic
punic — 形容詞
- punicpositive
- more puniccomparative
- most punicsuperlative
1. relating to the ancient North African city of Carthage or the people who lived t
迦太基的
與古迦太基或其人民有關的
relating to the ancient North African city of Carthage or the people who lived there, especially during the period of the three wars with Rome.
Hannibal was the most famous Punic general to cross the Alps with his army.
漢尼拔是翻越阿爾卑斯山最著名的迦太基將領。
Punic + general — collocation for military history
The three Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage lasted more than a hundred years.
羅馬與迦太基之間的三次布匿戰爭持續了一百多年。
A collection of Punic coins was found near the old harbour of Carthage.
在迦太基舊港附近發現了一批布匿錢幣。
Punic merchants traded pottery, cloth, and metal goods across the Mediterranean Sea.
布匿商人將陶器、布匹和金屬製品運往地中海各地。
Alessia wrote her university essay on Punic burial customs in North Africa.
Alessia 的大學論文寫的是北非的布匿葬俗。
- Carthaginian
more commonly used as an adjective in modern historical writing; 'Punic' is more specialised and appears in fixed phrases like 'Punic Wars'
文法句型
Punic + noun
用法筆記
Frequently appears as a modifier before nouns relating to war, trade, culture, or archaeology. The word is more common in historical writing than in everyday speech.
常見錯誤
2. willing to break a promise or betray someone; faithless — a negative meaning tha
背信的
不忠實的；源自羅馬人對迦太基人的負面描述
willing to break a promise or betray someone; faithless — a negative meaning that came from Roman descriptions of Carthaginians, now only used in historical or literary contexts.
Roman writers often accused their Carthaginian rivals of Punic dishonesty in every treaty.
羅馬作家經常指控他們的迦太基敵人在每項條約中都表現出布匿式的不誠實。
Punic dishonesty — fixed collocation with abstract noun
To call a person's actions Punic in ancient Rome was a serious insult.
在古羅馬，說某人的行為像布匿人是一種嚴重的侮辱。
The phrase 'Punic faith' originally meant treachery, not loyalty, in Latin literature.
在拉丁文學中，「布匿誠信」這個詞組原本指的是背信棄義，而非忠誠。
Modern historians avoid using Punic to mean treacherous because it reflects an old bias against Carthage.
現代歷史學家避免用「布匿」來表示背信棄義，因為這反映了對迦太基的偏見。
Stefan noted that the Roman claim of Punic deceit was a propaganda tool during the war.
Stefan 指出，羅馬人關於布匿欺詐的說法是戰爭期間的宣傳工具。
- faithless
more common in modern English; 'Punic' is restricted to historical or literary use
- treacherous
the closest everyday synonym, but 'Punic' carries a specific historical reference to Roman-Carthaginian relations
- perfidious
similar in register (formal, literary) but lacks the Carthaginian historical connection
- faithful
direct opposite; modern and neutral in register
- trustworthy
everyday opposite; not tied to any historical context
文法句型
Punic + abstract noun (faith, deceit, treachery)
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (OF ANCIENT CARTHAGE): this sense carries a strong negative moral judgement. In modern English the meaning has largely faded from active use, and most instances occur in discussions of Roman historical attitudes. Never use this sense without the historical context — out of context it sounds archaic or artificial.
常見錯誤
punic — 名詞
1. the ancient Semitic language spoken in Carthage, belonging to the same language
迦太基語
古迦太基人所說的閃族語言
the ancient Semitic language spoken in Carthage, belonging to the same language family as Phoenician and Hebrew, and written in a script related to the Phoenician alphabet.
Punic was written in a script that looks similar to ancient Hebrew writing.
布匿語的文字看起來跟古希伯來文很像。
No one has spoken Punic as a native language since around the sixth century CE.
大約從西元六世紀開始，再也沒有人以布匿語為母語了。
spoken Punic — collocation for language usage
A stone monument with a Punic inscription was discovered near the coast of Tunisia.
在突尼西亞海岸附近發現了一塊刻有布匿語銘文的石碑。
Scholars can read Punic because the alphabet shares many symbols with Hebrew.
學者能夠閱讀布匿語，因為它的字母與希伯來文有許多共通符號。
Layla found a dictionary of Punic in the university library's rare book collection.
Layla 在大學圖書館的珍本書庫找到了一本布匿語詞典。
- Carthaginian
used interchangeably for the language, though 'Punic' is the more common technical term among linguists
- Phoenician
the parent language; Punic is a western dialect of Phoenician
文法句型
speak/write/read + Punic
用法筆記
Always uncountable — treat like other ancient language names (Latin, Hebrew, Greek). Use the definite article when referring to the written form: 'the Punic of the inscriptions differs from literary Punic.'