rationing

rationing — 名詞

1. a system or policy in which a government or other authority controls the supply

1.名詞B2
釋義

配給；限量

限制每人可取用數量的制度

a system or policy in which a government or other authority controls the supply of scarce resources — such as food, fuel, or water — by giving each person or household a fixed, limited amount

例句

The government introduced food rationing during the war, limiting each family to a monthly allowance.

政府在戰爭期間實施糧食配給，每戶只能領取定量的物資。

introduce + strict + [resource] rationing

The hospital imposed water rationing after the drought, so nurses showered for only two minutes.

乾旱後醫院實施限水措施，護理師只能淋浴兩分鐘。

impose + water rationing

同義詞
  • allocation

    more neutral — allocation can happen even when there is no shortage; rationing specifically implies scarcity

  • quota system

    emphasises fixed numerical limits rather than the broader policy; a quota system is one method of rationing

  • restriction

    broader — any kind of limit, not necessarily a planned distribution by an authority

反義詞
  • abundance

    a situation in which there is plenty for everyone, the opposite of the scarcity that drives rationing

  • surplus

    having more than enough, which makes limits unnecessary

文法句型

rationing of [something]

[resource] + rationing

用法筆記

The resource being limited typically appears before the noun (food rationing, water rationing, fuel rationing) or after of (rationing of petrol). Frequently used with verbs like introduce, impose, announce, or enforce.

常見錯誤

❌My parents do rationing on how much TV I can watch.
✅My parents limit how much TV I can watch.
💡rationing describes official or large-scale systems, not personal household rules.
❌Each soldier received a rationing of bread.
✅Each soldier received a ration of bread.
💡rationing is the system; ration is the individual portion.