restrain
restrain — 動詞
1. to limit or control the growth, increase, or power of something, especially so t
抑制
限制事物增長或擴張
to limit or control the growth, increase, or power of something, especially so that it does not become too great or too strong.
The central bank raised interest rates to restrain inflation.
中央銀行調高利率以抑制通貨膨脹。
restrain + economic variable (inflation, growth, costs)
New environmental rules aim to restrain the amount of waste that factories produce.
新的環保法規旨在限制工廠產生的廢棄物量。
A strict budget restrained the department's spending on travel and supplies.
嚴格的預算限制了該部門在差旅和用品上的開支。
The government passed laws to restrain the growth of online gambling.
政府通過法律來限制線上賭博的增長。
Without proper rules, it is hard to restrain the spread of false information.
沒有適當的規範，就很難遏止虛假資訊的擴散。
- limit
more general and neutral; implies setting a boundary rather than actively holding back
- curb
stronger sense of stopping an undesirable trend; often used for costs, violence, or bad habits
- check
suggests slowing down or stopping progress, often used for disease, fire, or population growth
- contain
implies keeping something within boundaries, especially a problem that could spread
文法句型
restrain + noun phrase
常見錯誤
2. to hold back a strong feeling or keep yourself from acting on an urge, especiall
克制
忍住情緒或不做想做的事
to hold back a strong feeling or keep yourself from acting on an urge, especially when doing so would be unwise or cause problems.
Lucía had to restrain herself from laughing during the solemn ceremony.
Lucía 在莊嚴的典禮上不得不克制自己不要笑出來。
restrain + reflexive + from + -ing
Christopher could not restrain his curiosity and peeked into the locked room.
Christopher 無法克制自己的好奇心，往鎖著的房間裡偷看了一眼。
restrain + emotion noun (curiosity, anger, excitement)
Ilan found it hard to restrain his anger when he saw the broken window.
Ilan 看到破掉的窗戶時，覺得很難壓住怒火。
Gita bit her lip to restrain a cry of pain after stubbing her toe.
Gita 咬住嘴唇，強忍住腳趾踢到東西時的疼痛叫聲。
Emre wanted to argue with his boss but managed to restrain his impatience.
Emre 想和老闆爭論，但他設法克制住了不耐煩的情緒。
- control
broader meaning; not limited to holding back — can mean managing or directing
- hold back
less formal, more conversational; often used for emotions and tears
- suppress
stronger and more forceful; suggests stopping something completely, sometimes with effort or force
- contain
suggests keeping a feeling inside so it does not affect others
文法句型
restrain + reflexive pronoun + from + -ing
restrain + emotion noun
用法筆記
Frequently used with a reflexive pronoun ('restrain yourself/oneself from doing something') when the subject and object are the same person. When the object is an emotion ('restrain anger/curiosity/excitement'), the focus is on keeping the feeling from becoming visible.
常見錯誤
3. to stop a person or an animal from moving freely or acting in a certain way, esp
制止
用體力阻止人或動物行動
to stop a person or an animal from moving freely or acting in a certain way, especially by holding them back with physical force or by using special equipment.
Two police officers had to restrain the woman until she calmed down.
兩名警察不得不制住那名女子，直到她冷靜下來。
authority figure + physical restraint of a person
The zookeepers carefully restrained the injured deer before treating its wound.
動物園管理員小心地制住受傷的鹿，以便處理傷口。
The nurses gently restrained the patient's arm during the injection.
護士們在注射時輕輕地按住病人的手臂。
Nicholas and his neighbour helped restrain the dog from running into traffic.
Nicholas 和鄰居合力攔住那隻狗，以免牠衝到車流中。
The prisoner was restrained with handcuffs and leg chains during the transfer.
那名囚犯在轉移過程中戴著手銬和腳鐐被限制行動。
文法句型
restrain + person/animal
passive: be restrained
用法筆記
The subject is usually a person in a position of authority (police, guard, doctor, parent) or a device designed to limit movement. The passive construction ('someone was restrained') is common in formal and legal contexts.