roman
roman — 形容詞
1. describing printed letters that stand straight up rather than leaning to one sid
羅馬體的
印刷字體直立不斜的樣式
describing printed letters that stand straight up rather than leaning to one side, as normal book text does.
The book's main text is set in roman type, while notes use italics.
這本書的主要內文使用羅馬體排版，註解則用斜體。
contrast with italic in same sentence
Apinya changed the font from italic to roman in her essay.
Apinya 把她報告的字體從斜體改成羅馬體。
switch between italic and roman
Most official forms require information in roman rather than italic style.
大多數官方表格要求填寫資訊時使用羅馬體，而非斜體。
Newspaper articles are printed in roman letters for easy reading.
報紙文章採用羅馬體印刷，方便讀者閱讀。
The editor asked for all headings to be in roman, not bold or italic.
編輯要求所有標題使用羅馬體，不要粗體或斜體。
文法句型
used before a noun describing type style
用法筆記
Frequently used in contrast with italic or bold when describing typefaces. In word-processing software, roman is often called 'regular' or 'normal'.
常見錯誤
2. belonging to the ancient city of Rome or the vast empire it built.
古羅馬的
與古羅馬城或其帝國有關的
belonging to the ancient city of Rome or the vast empire it built.
Brooke visited the Roman Forum during her trip to Italy.
Brooke 在義大利旅行時參觀了古羅馬廣場。
collocation: Roman Forum
The museum displayed Roman coins from the first century.
這間博物館展出了西元一世紀的古羅馬錢幣。
Roman law influenced many legal systems across Europe and beyond.
羅馬法影響了歐洲及以外的許多法律體系。
Aarav's history class studied the fall of the Roman Empire.
Aarav 的歷史課學習了羅馬帝國的衰亡。
Roman soldiers built roads that connected distant parts of the empire.
羅馬士兵修築了連接帝國各偏遠地區的道路。
文法句型
used before a noun or after linking verb
用法筆記
Capitalised (Roman) for all Rome-related senses. This sense covers people, places, culture, and political institutions of ancient Rome from roughly 753 BCE to 476 CE.
3. belonging to the present-day Italian city of Rome.
現代羅馬的
與今日羅馬市有關的
belonging to the present-day Italian city of Rome.
Lien booked a hotel in a quiet Roman neighborhood near the river.
Lien 在羅馬河畔一個安靜的社區訂了飯店。
Modern Roman restaurants serve both traditional pasta and international food.
現代羅馬的餐廳既供應傳統義大利麵，也提供各國料理。
Modern Roman + restaurants
The Roman metro system connects the city center to the suburbs.
羅馬的地鐵系統連接了市中心和郊區。
Zayd admired the mix of ancient ruins and modern Roman life.
Zayd 很欣賞古蹟與現代羅馬生活交織的景色。
- contemporary Roman
explicitly clarifies the time period
文法句型
used before a noun or after linking verb
用法筆記
Capitalised (Roman). Distinguish from the ANCIENT ROME sense (adj/2): if the context involves contemporary transport, politics, or daily life, use this sense. When the time period is unclear, readers assume the ancient sense by default.
常見錯誤
4. connected with the branch of Christianity that recognises the Pope in Rome as it
天主教的
與羅馬天主教會有關的
connected with the branch of Christianity that recognises the Pope in Rome as its leader.
The Roman Catholic Church holds regular services at the local cathedral.
羅馬天主教會在當地教堂定期舉行禮拜。
collocation: Roman Catholic Church
Hana attended a Roman Catholic school in her hometown for six years.
Hana 在家鄉的一所天主教學校讀了六年書。
collocation: Roman Catholic school
Many Roman Catholic traditions date back several centuries to early church history.
許多羅馬天主教的傳統可追溯到數世紀前的早期教會。
Kevin's family follows Roman Catholic teachings and attends Sunday mass.
Kevin 的家人遵循天主教教義，每週日參加彌撒。
- Protestant
a separate major branch of Christianity
文法句型
used before a noun
用法筆記
Always capitalised (Roman). In formal writing the full term 'Roman Catholic' is preferred over 'Catholic' when distinguishing this branch from other Christian denominations. Commonly abbreviated as RC in writing.
常見錯誤
roman — 名詞
1. the style of printed text in which letters stand upright rather than leaning to
羅馬體
直立印刷字體的總稱
the style of printed text in which letters stand upright rather than leaning to one side.
The designer chose roman for the body text of the magazine.
設計師選擇用羅馬體排版雜誌的內文。
use of roman for body text
Élise prefers to read books printed in a clear roman typeface.
Élise 比較喜歡閱讀使用清晰羅馬字體印刷的書籍。
preposition: in roman
Instructions should be written in roman to keep them easy to read.
說明文字應以羅馬體書寫，以便閱讀。
The title was in italics but the rest of the document was in roman.
標題用了斜體，但文件其餘部分都是羅馬體。
- roman type
fuller form
- roman face
technical term in printing
文法句型
often preceded by 'in' (in roman)
用法筆記
Uncountable — you cannot say 'a roman' or 'two romans' for this sense. Typically lowercase in print. Often appears in the phrase 'in roman'.
常見錯誤
2. an inhabitant of the ancient city of Rome or any territory ruled by it.
古羅馬人
古羅馬城或其帝國的居民
an inhabitant of the ancient city of Rome or any territory ruled by it.
Ancient Romans built aqueducts to bring water into the city.
古羅馬人建造了引水道，將水引入城內。
plural: Ancient Romans + action
Rachid read about how Romans governed their vast territories across three continents.
Rachid 閱讀了有關羅馬人如何治理橫跨三大洲的廣大領土。
The Romans introduced concrete as a strong building material for large structures.
羅馬人率先將混凝土用作大型建築的堅固材料。
Adina learned that wealthy Romans often owned country villas outside the city.
Adina 學到富有的古羅馬人常在城外擁有鄉間別墅。
Romans celebrated festivals throughout the year with games and feasts.
羅馬人全年舉辦節慶活動，有遊戲和盛宴。
- ancient Roman
more specific about the historical period
- citizen of Rome
emphasises legal status rather than residency
- barbarian
term Romans used for outsiders
文法句型
used with 'the' (the Romans)
often plural
用法筆記
Almost always capitalised. The plural the Romans is very common when referring to the people of ancient Rome collectively. Singular a Roman refers to one individual.
常見錯誤
3. someone who makes their home in the present-day Italian capital of Rome.
現代羅馬人
現居羅馬市的人
someone who makes their home in the present-day Italian capital of Rome.
Maeve asked a local Roman for directions to the train station.
Maeve 向一位當地羅馬人詢問前往火車站的方向。
a local Roman — resident of modern Rome
Today's Romans enjoy gelato while walking through the historic streets.
現今的羅馬人喜歡邊品嚐義式冰淇淋邊漫步在歷史街道上。
Ramón noticed that Romans drive small cars to navigate the narrow roads.
Ramón 注意到羅馬人為了在窄街上行駛而開小車。
Many modern Romans work in tourism, serving visitors from around the world.
許多現代羅馬人從事旅遊業，接待來自世界各地的遊客。
- resident of Rome
more formal, removes time ambiguity
文法句型
usually singular or plural with modifier
用法筆記
Capitalised (Roman). Distinguish from the ANCIENT ROMAN sense (noun/2): if the person is described doing something contemporary (driving, using a smartphone, eating at a restaurant), this sense applies. Adding modern or today's prevents ambiguity.