scum
scum — 名詞
- scumsingular
- scumsplural
1. dirt, grease, or foam that collects in a thin, unpleasant layer on the surface a
浮渣
液體表面形成的髒污薄膜
dirt, grease, or foam that collects in a thin, unpleasant layer on the surface after a liquid has been heated or left standing
Femi skimmed the grey scum off the surface of the soup with a spoon.
Femi 用湯匙把湯表面的灰色浮渣撇掉。
collocation: skimmed the scum off
After boiling the chickpeas, Paloma noticed scum rising to the top of the pot.
鷹嘴豆煮沸後，Paloma 注意到浮渣升到了鍋的頂端。
collocation: scum rising to the top
A thick green scum covered the surface of the pond near Tamás's house.
一層厚厚的綠色浮渣覆蓋了 Tamás 家附近的池塘表面。
The hot chocolate sat too long and a strange scum formed on top.
熱巧克力放太久，表面形成了一層奇怪的浮渣。
Lucas left the stock simmering, then scraped the scum away before adding vegetables.
Lucas 讓高湯慢燉，然後在加蔬菜前把浮渣刮掉。
- film
thinner and more neutral; a film on water may be clean, like oil or dust, while scum always suggests dirt
- froth
a mass of small bubbles, often light and pleasant (e.g. on coffee); scum is always unpleasant
- residue
what remains after a process; it can sink or stick to surfaces, not necessarily float on top like scum
2. a hurtful term for a person or a group of people who are viewed as dishonest, cr
敗類
極其惡劣或無恥的人
a hurtful term for a person or a group of people who are viewed as dishonest, cruel, or without value
After the fraud came out, Mira called the company's directors nothing but scum.
詐騙曝光後，Mira 說那些公司董事簡直就是敗類。
collocation: nothing but scum
Yael refused to speak to the scum who had cheated her elderly father.
Yael 拒絕跟那些欺騙她年邁父親的敗類說話。
Outside the courthouse, a crowd chanted that the aides who stole hurricane relief were scum of the worst kind.
法院外，一群民眾高喊那些偷走颶風救災款的助理是最惡劣的敗類。
Eri called the thieves scum after they stole medicine from the village clinic.
Eri 罵那些從村診所偷藥的小偷是敗類。
Dario called the man scum for lying to the frightened refugees at the shelter.
Dario 罵那個人是敗類，因為他對收容所受驚的難民說謊。
- lowlife
similarly informal and insulting, but refers more to a petty criminal or disreputable individual than a group
- villain
more dramatic; often used for fictional bad characters or notorious figures, less everyday than scum
- degenerate
more formal and old-fashioned; carries a moral-judgement tone but lacks the raw contempt of scum
文法句型
scum (uncountable, never 'a scum')
用法筆記
Always uncountable in this sense — say 'he is scum,' never 'he is a scum.' This is a very offensive insult; use it with great caution.
常見錯誤
scum — 動詞
- scumpresent simple I / you / we / they
- scums3rd person singular
- scumming-ing form
- scummedpast simple
1. to develop a thin, dirty layer on the surface, especially of a liquid that has b
結垢
液體放久了表面結垢
to develop a thin, dirty layer on the surface, especially of a liquid that has been left to stand
The pond in Diego's garden scummed over after three weeks of hot weather.
Diego 花園裡的池塘在三週的炎熱天氣後結了一層垢。
collocation: scummed over
The broth scummed on top after Elena forgot to cover it last night.
Elena 昨晚忘記蓋好，湯的表面結了一層垢。
The basin scummed over in the heat, so Tamás poured the water out.
炎熱天氣下水盆結了一層垢，Tamás 便把它倒掉了。
The tea on Naledi's balcony had scummed by morning and was no longer drinkable.
Naledi 陽台上的茶到了早上已經結了垢，不能再喝了。
The bucket of rainwater scummed over, drawing mosquitoes to the yard.
桶裡的雨水結了一層垢，引來了院子裡的蚊子。
文法句型
scum + over
scum + on top
用法筆記
Most commonly used with 'over' or 'on top.' The subject is always a liquid or a body of water. Unlike the related noun sense, the verb describes the process of the layer forming, not the act of removing it.