senate
senate — 名詞
1. the smaller and more senior of the two legislative groups in a country or state
參議院
國會的上議院，負責審查及制定法律
the smaller and more senior of the two legislative groups in a country or state that has a two-chamber political system; its members are elected or appointed to review, change, and vote on proposed laws
The Senate approved the new education bill with a two-thirds majority.
參議院以三分之二多數通過了新的教育法案。
collocation: approve/reject a bill
Senator João Santos gave a passionate speech on the Senate floor.
João Santos 參議員在參議院議場發表了慷慨激昂的演說。
The Australian Senate can review any law passed by the lower house.
澳洲參議院有權審查眾議院通過的任何法律。
Both the Senate and the House must agree on the final version of the bill.
參議院和眾議院必須就法案的最終版本達成一致。
Ritu's aunt has worked as a clerk in the state Senate for twelve years.
Ritu 的阿姨在州參議院擔任了十二年的書記人員。
- upper house
more descriptive term for the less numerous chamber in a bicameral system
- chamber
broader term for any legislative body; less specific to the upper house
- lower house
the other, usually larger legislative chamber such as the House of Representatives
文法句型
the Senate (proper noun)
[country/city] Senate
用法筆記
In the United States, the Senate is one of two chambers of Congress, with each state electing two senators regardless of population. Frequently capitalized when referring to a specific body (e.g., 'the US Senate').
常見錯誤
2. the main group of senior faculty members and administrators who decide academic
大學評議會
大學內制定學術政策與規章的最高決策機構
the main group of senior faculty members and administrators who decide academic policy at a university or similar institution, such as approving courses and setting educational standards
The university Senate voted to introduce a new environmental science programme.
大學評議會表決通過開設新的環境科學課程。
collocation: university Senate votes to
Professor Élise Dubois presented her curriculum proposal to the academic Senate.
Élise Dubois 教授向學術評議會提出了她的課程規劃。
College Senate meetings are usually open to student representatives.
學院評議會的會議通常開放給學生代表參加。
A special committee of the Senate reviewed the grading standards across all departments.
評議會的一個特別委員會審查了所有科系的評分標準。
Hamza was elected to represent graduate students on the faculty Senate.
Hamza 獲選為研究生代表，進入教務評議會。
- academic board
common alternative term in some Commonwealth universities
- faculty council
more common in US institutions; may have narrower scope
文法句型
the [university name] Senate
academic senate
用法筆記
Common in British, Canadian, and Indian university systems. In the US, 'Faculty Senate' or 'Academic Senate' is more frequent. Distinguish from sense 1 (governmental): this sense refers exclusively to academic institutions.
3. the most powerful political council in ancient Rome, made up of wealthy and infl
元老院
古羅馬最高政治權力機構及議事場所
the most powerful political council in ancient Rome, made up of wealthy and influential citizens who advised leaders, controlled state finances, and directed foreign policy; also the building where this council assembled
The Roman Senate declared war on Carthage after a long and heated debate.
羅馬元老院在經過長時間的激烈辯論後，對迦太基宣戰。
collocation: declare war
Julius Caesar was famously assassinated by a group of senators inside the Senate chamber.
凱撒在元老院議事廳內被一群元老刺殺，此事舉世聞名。
Indra's history class visited the ruins of the Roman Senate in the Forum.
Indra 的歷史課去參觀了位於羅馬廣場的元老院遺址。
Under the Republic, the Senate controlled the state treasury and foreign relations.
在羅馬共和時期，元老院掌管國庫與外交事務。
In ancient Rome, only men from wealthy noble families could serve in the Senate.
在古羅馬，只有出身富裕貴族家庭的男性才能進入元老院。
- Curia
the specific name of the building where the Roman Senate met
- patrician council
emphasises that only the patrician class could be members
文法句型
the Roman Senate
the Senate (in ancient context)
用法筆記
Always capitalized when referring to the ancient Roman institution. The building is also called the Curia. Distinguish from sense 1 (modern government): this sense is historical only, never used for contemporary political bodies.